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James Frank Duryea (* 8. Oktober 1869 in Washburn, Woodford County, Illinois, USA; † 15. Februar 1967 in Saybrook (heute: Deep River (Connecticut)), Middlesex County, Connecticut, USA)

Erfinder, Unternehmer und Automobilpionier. Gemeinsam mit seinem Bruder Charles E Duryea (1861-1938) baute er 1893 eines der ersten Automobile in den USA, errichtete zu dessen Herstellung die erste Automobilfabrik und tätigte den ersten Verkauf eines kommerziell gefertigten Autos mit Benzinmotor. Die Brüder zerstritten sich danach. Die Aufarbeitung des jeweiligen Anteils an der historischen Entwicklung des Automobils dauert an. J. Frank Duryea ist der Sieger des ersten offiziell ausgetragenen Automobilrennens in den USA, dem Times-Herald Contest vom 28. November 1895.

Oct. 8, 1869, Washburn, Ill., U.S.—died Feb. 15, 1967, Saybrook, Conn.) inventors of one of the

Refs

• earlyamericanautomobiles.com: History of Early American Automobile Industry, Chapter 3

• Charles Edgar Duryea

http://todayinsci.com/D/Duryea_Charles/DuryeaCharles-Chap1.htm

• J. Frank. Duryea

• Duryea (USA, Springfield MA, Peoria IL,Waterloo IO, Saginaw MI, Philadelphia PA, Reading PA(2x)), erstes kommerziell hergestelltes Auto der USA; 1893)
• American Automobile Company (1899–1901; JFD war bis 1900 Chefkonstrukteur
• Hampden (1900)

• Stevens-Duryea

Lizenz National; 1899 1. Transcontinental

Lizenz Waterloo

A Practical Treatise (1916), by Charles E. Duryea, James Edward Homans

http://www.todayinsci.com/B/Brayton_George/BraytonGeorgeEngine2.htm

Bio nach EB

Charles E. Duryea and J. Frank Duryea, in full Charles Edgar Duryea and James Frank Duryea (respectively, born Dec. 15, 1861, Canton, Ill., U.S.—died Sept. 28, 1938, Philadelphia, Pa.; born Oct. 8, 1869, Washburn, Ill., U.S.—died Feb. 15, 1967, Saybrook, Conn.) inventors of one of the first automobiles—the first that was actually built and operated in the United States.

Charles Duryea entered the rapidly growing bicycle business and displayed a marked inventive talent. In 1886 at the Ohio state fair, he saw a stationary gasoline engine that seemed to him to be sufficiently compact to power a carriage or wagon. By 1891 he had completed a design, and with his brother Frank he then constructed a car and engine in a rented loft in Springfield, Mass. In later years a controversy marred relations between the brothers; Charles claimed that the model was completed to an operable state under his guidance, while Frank asserted that he perfected the engine and transmission while Charles was in Illinois. In any case the car made a successful run in the streets of Springfield on Sept. 22, 1893.

An improved version, largely the work of Frank Duryea, appeared in 1895 and won several races. Thirteen copies of it were manufactured and sold, but the company failed, and the brothers went separate ways. Charles made a number of vehicles, some three-wheeled, and Frank developed the Stevens-Duryea, one of the best known of the early standard makes, a high-priced limousine that continued in production into the 1920s.

Bio nach EAA

Frank Duryea

On the other hand, Frank, who was from the very beginning of the Duryea cars until his split with his brother in 1897 was the brains of the business. Charles never gave him any credit and barely mentioned his brother in any publication. He was refeered to as the mechanic.

Shortly after the brothers broke up, Frank went to work for the Automobile Company of America and designed their 1899 American automobile. He did the designing from his home in Springfield, MA.

Literatur

(Einträge selten zur Person)

• Richard P. Scharchburg: Carriages Without Horses: J. Frank Duryea and the Birth of the American Automobile Industry, Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., Reference Series (1. August 1993); ISBN 156091-380-0.
• Robert D. Dluhy: American Automobiles of the Brass Era: Essential Specifications of 4,000+ Gasoline Powered Passenger Cars, 1906-1915, with a Statistical and Historical Overview. Mcfarland & Co Inc. publishers, Jefferson NC (2013); ISBN 0-78647-136-0.
• L. Scott Bailey: Charles E. Duryea: Present at the creation; in: Automobile Quarterly (ISSN 005-1438), Volume XXIII, No. 4 (1985), S. 388 ff
• Beverly Rae Kimes: Pioneers, Engineers, and Scoundrels: The Dawn of the Automobile in America. Herausgeber SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) Permissions, Warrendale PA, 2005, ISBN 0-7680-1431-X.
• James J. Flink: America Adopts the Automobile - 1895-1910, MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), 1970. ISBN 0-262 06036-1.
• Beverly Rae Kimes (Hrsg.), Henry Austin Clark jr.: Standard Catalogue of American Cars 1805-1942. 3. Auflage. Krause Publications, Iola WI, 1996; ISBN 978-0-87341-428-9.
• Halwart Schrader (Hrsg.): Motor Men: Menschen, Mythen und Motoren der Automobilgeschichte. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart, 1. Auflage, 2011; ISBN 3-6130-3202-3.
• Hans Christoph von Seherr-Thoss: Dictionary of famous personalities in the automobile World. Ivy House Publishing, Raleigh NC, USA, 1. Auflage; 2005; ISBN 1-57197-333-8.
• Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers: Handbook of Gasoline Automobiles / 1904-1905-1906. Dover Publications, 1969.
• National Automobile Chamber of Commerce: Handbook of Automobiles 1915–1916. Dover Publications, 1970.
• G. N. Georgano (Hrsg.): Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars, 1885 to the Present; Dutton Press, New York, 2. Auflage (Hardcover) 1973, ISBN 0-525-08351-0
• G. N. Georgano (Hrsg.), G. Marshall Naul: Complete Encyclopedia of Commercial Vehicles; MBI Motor Books International, Osceola WI (1979); ISBN 0-87341-024-6
• Richard v. Frankenberg / Marco Matteucci: Geschichte des Automobils. Sigloch Service Edition / STIG Torino, 1973; ohne ISBN
• Hans-Otto Neubauer (Hersg.): Chronik des Automobils. Chronik Verlag im Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh/München, 2004; ISBN 3-570-14338-4.
• Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader: Die große Automobil - Enzyklopädie. 100 Jahre Geschichte. 2500 Marken aus 65 Ländern, 2. Auflage (1992); BLV Buchverlag München, Wien und Zürich; ISBN-10: 3405129745; ISBN-13: 978-3405129743, gebundene Ausgabe
• Beverly Rae Kimes (Hrsg.), Henry Austin Clark jr.: Standard Catalogue of American Cars 1805-1942. 3. Auflage. Krause Publications, Iola WI (1996), ISBN 978-0-87341-428-9 ISBN 0-87341-428-4; S. 506-509
• Consumer Guide (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia of American Cars from 1930, Publications International (1993), ISBN 0-7853-0175-5
• The Automobile of 1904; Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly (Januar 1904), Americana Review, 725 Dongan Ave., Scotia NY (USA); erschienen 1904
• Beverly Rae Kimes: Pioneers, Engineers, and Scoundrels: The Dawn of the Automobile in America. Herausgeber SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) Permissions, Warrendale PA, 2005, ISBN 0-7680-1431-X.
• James J. Flink: America Adopts the Automobile - 1895-1910, MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), 1970. ISBN 0-262 06036-1.
• David Beecroft: History of the American Automobile Industry; Nachdruck einer Artikelserie in der Zeitschrift The Automobile, erstmals erschienen zwischen Oktober 1915 und August 1916. Verlag: lulu.com, 2009; ISBN 0-5570-5575-X.
• Griffith Borgeson: The Golden Age of the American Racing Car. Hrsg. SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers), Warrendale PA, 2. Auflage, 1998; ISBN 0-7680-0023-8.
• Madsen, Axel: The Deal Maker: How William C. Durant made General Motors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; ISBN 0-4713-9523-4.

Weblinks

(Einträge selten zur Person)

• Encyclopædia Britannica: Charles E. Duryea and J. Frank Duryea, American Inventors. (Englisch) (abgerufen am 22. Juni 2016)

Einzelnachweise

(Einträge selten zur Person)