Quelltext der Seite Benutzer:Artikelwerkstatt/Politik/Robin Hill, 8th Marquess of Downshire

{{Importartikel}}
'''Arthur Robin Ian Hill, 8. Marquess of Downshire''' (* [[10. Mai]] [[1929]] in [[London]]; † [[18. Dezember]] [[2003]]), bekannt als '''Robin Hill''', war ein [[Irland|irischer]] [[Peer (Adel)|Peer]] und der ''Hereditary Constable of Hillsborough Fort''. Er war der einzige Sohn von Lord Arthur Francis Hill. Er reetablierte erfolgreich seine aus [[Ulster]] stammende Familie in [[North Yorkshire]], die Großgrund besaß, nach dem [[Irish Land Acts]] und der Gründung von [[Bracknell|Bracknell New Town]] was ihn größtenteils um seine Anwesen brachte. 

== Leben und Karriere ==
Hill wurde in Brompton Square, [[London]] geboren. Als Jungendlicher wurde ihm das Spielen der [[Oboe]] von [[Leon Goossens]] gelehrt.


Am [[Eton College]] war er Captain des the school shooting VIII and led it win the Asburton Shield at Bisley. On leaving school,  he did his [[National service|National Service]] with the Royal Scots Greys in [[Germany]] from 1948 to 1950. Life in [[Ardingly]], a discount house and [[Chartered Accountant|chartered accountancy]] followed, with awards of ACA in 1959 and FCA 1962. In 1963 he took up farming.

The Irish domains and the Berkshire estate with its 1870s retro-Jacobean Burne-Jones and Morris windowed [[Easthampstead Park|mansion]] at [[Easthampstead]] had both become alienated and sold. His predecessors had not found alternatives, so the young Hill, now in possession of a wife and heir, was in need of a seat. He found [[Clifton-on-Yore|Clifton Castle]], near [[Masham]], [[North Yorkshire]], of which Pevsner had written: 'built in 1802–10, and not at all in the castle mood'.

In March 1989 Hill succeeded his uncle in his eight peerages: five of Ireland and three of Great Britain. The need to satisfy the Treasury immediately led Downshire, as he was now known, into a mild controversy. The 2nd Marquess had married the heir of the last Trumbull. This inheritance included the Easthampstead estate, near Bracknell, west of Windsor, and with it the Trumbull papers. These comprised 380 volumes of manuscripts collected by Sir [[William Trumbull]] (1639–1716), British Ambassador to [[Paris]], and to [[Constantinople]], and his grandson William Trumbull, British Resident in Brussels. The archive – featuring letters by Stuart kings, [[Philip II of Spain]], [[Marie de' Medici]], Bacon, [[John Donne|Donne]], Dryden, Fenton, [[Alexander Pope]] and [[Georg Rudolf Weckherlin]] – had been on loan to [[Berkshire Record Office]]. In the summer of 1989 the collection was sent to [[Sotheby's]] in London, divided into 63 lots and prepared for sale, with an estimate of £2.5m. Breakup was avoided as on the eve of the November sale the auction was cancelled and the [[British Library]] took the papers.

== Mitgliedschaft im House of Lords ==

Er nahm seinen Sitz im [[House of Lords]] im November 1989 erstmals ein, als Mitglied der [[Conservative Party]]. Hill war Mitglied des Lords Bridge-Team. Er meldete sich selten zu Wort, aber wurde aktiver. Zur Zeit seines Auschlusses 1999 war er der aktivste der sieben irischen Marquesses. In seinen zehn Jahren im Oberhaus hielt er zwei Reden und reichte eine schriftliche Anfrage ein. Seine Antrittsrede hielt er im Oktober 1994 im Rahmen einer Debatte um die jüngsten Entwicklungen in [[Nordirland]]. 






In reply for the Opposition, the late [[Gareth Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn|Lord Williams of Mostyn]] said of it: '.. I hope I may, with respect, point to one, the maiden speech of the noble Marquess, Lord Downshire, a speech which I personally found to be of interest and of great content, both of which are adjectives one cannot normally ascribe to maiden speeches.'

He said: '... it would be fair to say that Ireland as a whole, as other noble Lords have said, has had a turbulent history and that fact has been emphasised by its continuance in Ulster. There are a multiplicity of reasons for that phenomenon, although some try to award part of the blame to the equivocal manner in which Ireland has been treated successively by England, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. I would not subscribe entirely to that view, although I believe that, in establishing a link between England and Ireland, fundamental mistakes were made at the start which are taking many centuries to resolve ... [T]here is no doubt that the joint declaration marks a sea change in contemporary Irish politics. The opportunity it affords for all who hold both the Province and Ireland as a whole most dear they will ignore at their peril.'

In a debate entitled 'Pylons in the Vale of York' of March 1995, he pointed to new problems regarding public-private finance, landowners and [[Eminent domain|compulsory purchase]]: 'there could come a time, and it will surely come, when the pylon-builders' purse runs out and compulsory purchase arrives. Surely, there then arises a more potent conflict of interest-the invocation of public power in order to provide private profit.' This was notably astute, as the private profit in this case was to be [[Enron]]'s. His one written question referred to the "Targets of the Pesticides" safety-directive.

== Familie und Tod ==

1957 heiratete er Juliet Weld-Forester, eine Tochter von [[Cecil Weld-Forester, 7. Baron Forester]]. Sie starb 1986. 1989 heiratete er Diana Hibbert, eine Tochter von  [[Ronald Cross, 1. Baronet|Sir Ronald Hibbert Cross, Bt]]. Sie starb 1998. 2003 heiratete er Tessa Prain.

Er starb am 18. Dezember 2003 im Alter von 74 Jahren und hinterließ seine beiden Söhne und eine Tochter aus erster Ehe und mit seiner dritten Frau. Sein älterer Sohn, der bis dahin den Höflichkeitstitel Earl of Hillsborough trug, folgte ihm nach und wurde 2013 außerdem [[Baron Sandys]].

== Weblinks ==
* {{Hansard people|mr-arthur-hill-1|Arthur Hill}}
* [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1455237/The-Marquess-of-Downshire.html ''The Marquis of Downshire''] Nachruf in: ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]'' vom 25. Februar 2004.

== Einzelnachweise ==
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{{Personenleiste
|  VORGÄNGER= [[Arthur Hill, 7. Marquess of Downshire|Arthur Hill]]
|        AMT= [[Marquess of Downshire]]
|       ZEIT= 1989–2003
| NACHFOLGER= [[Nicholas Hill, 9th Marquess of Downshire|Nicholas Hill]]
}}

{{SORTIERUNG:Hill, Robin, 8. Marquess of Downshire}}
[[:Kategorie:Marquess of Downshire]]
[[:Kategorie:Mitglied des House of Lords]]
[[:Kategorie:Brite]]
[[:Kategorie:Conservative-Party-Mitglied]]
[[:Kategorie:Geboren 1929]]
[[:Kategorie:Gestorben 2003]]
[[:Kategorie:Mann]]

{{Personendaten
|NAME=Hill, Robin, 8. Marquess of Downshire
|ALTERNATIVNAMEN=Hill, Arthur Robin Ian, 8. Marquess of Downshire (vollständiger Name)
|KURZBESCHREIBUNG=irischer Peer und britischer Politiker
|GEBURTSDATUM=10. Mai 1929
|GEBURTSORT=[[London]]
|STERBEDATUM=18. Dezember 2003
|STERBEORT= 
}}