Quelltext der Seite Benutzer:Colin/Tod von Diana, Princess of Wales

{{hatnote|"Death of Diana" redirects here. For information on the murder of Diana Miller, see [[Murder of Diana Miller]].}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{infobox event
|name= Death of Diana, Princess of Wales
|image=File:Flowers for Princess Diana's Funeral.jpg
|caption=Flowers left outside [[Kensington Palace]] in tribute to Diana, Princess of Wales
|date={{start date and age|1997|8|31|df=yes}}
|location= [[Pont de l'Alma]], [[Paris]], France
|deaths = [[Diana, Princess of Wales]]<br>[[Dodi Fayed]]<br>[[Henri Paul]]
|reported injuries= [[Trevor Rees-Jones (bodyguard)|Trevor Rees-Jones]]
}}

On 31 August 1997, [[Diana, Princess of Wales]] died as a result of injuries sustained in a car crash in the [[Pont de l'Alma]] road tunnel in [[Paris]], France. Her companion, [[Dodi Fayed]],<!-- <ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Mercedes-owners-to-get-together-on-October-21/articleshow/16747485.cms|title=Mercedes owners to get together on October 21|work=The Times of India|date=10 October 2012|accessdate=16 October 2016}}</ref> --> and the driver of the [[Mercedes-Benz W140|Mercedes S280]], [[Henri Paul]], were pronounced dead at the scene. A fourth passenger in the car, bodyguard [[Trevor Rees-Jones (bodyguard)|Trevor Rees-Jones]], was seriously injured but survived. 

Although the media blamed the behaviour of the [[paparazzi]] who followed the car, a French judicial investigation in 1999 found that the crash was caused by Henri Paul, who lost control of the Mercedes at high speed while he was intoxicated and under the effects of prescription drugs. Paul was the deputy head of security at the [[Hôtel Ritz Paris|Hôtel Ritz]] at the time of the crash and had goaded the paparazzi waiting outside the hotel earlier.<ref name="days-shook">{{cite episode|title=The Coronation of Elizabeth II/The Death of Diana|series=Days That Shook the World|serieslink=Days that Shook the World|credits=Director: David Bartlett, Executive Producer: David Upshal|work=BBC}}</ref> His inebriation may have been made worse by [[anti-depressants]] and traces of an [[anti-psychotic]] in his body.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite news|title=Diana crash caused by chauffeur, says report|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/09/04/ndi04.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021113190313/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1999%2F09%2F04%2Fndi04.html|archivedate=13 November 2002|first1=Julian|last1=Nundy|first2=David|last2=Graves|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="paul-autopsy">{{cite web|url=http://www.public-interest.co.uk/diana/dianasynop.htm|first=Alan D.|last=Barbour|title=Synopsis of Autopsy Findings|accessdate=15 August 2010}}</ref> The investigation concluded that the photographers were not near the Mercedes when it crashed.<ref>Martyn Gregory [http://www.spectator.co.uk/features/33084/stranded-on-planet-fayed/ "Stranded on Planet Fayed"], ''The Spectator'', 27 June 2007</ref> After hearing evidence at the British inquest in 2008, a jury returned to a verdict of "[[unlawful killing]]" by Paul and the paparazzi pursuing the car.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Diana jury blames paparazzi and Henri Paul for her 'unlawful killing' | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1584160/Diana-jury-blames-paparazzi-and-Henri-Paul-for-her-unlawful-killing.html | accessdate=12 October 2013 | work=Daily Telegraph | date=7 April 2008}}</ref>

Diana's death caused a substantial outpouring of worldwide grief, including numerous floral tributes and [[Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales|her funeral]] was watched by an estimated 2.5 billion people. The [[British royal family|Royal Family]] were criticised in the press for their reaction to Diana's death. Public interest in Diana has remained high and she has retained regular press coverage.

==Circumstances==

===Events preceding the crash===
[[File:Mercedes-Benz S-Class W140.jpg|thumb|right| A car similar to that involved in the accident.]]
On Saturday, 30 August 1997, Diana left [[Sardinia]] on a private jet and arrived in [[Paris]] with [[Dodi Fayed]], the son of [[Mohamed Al-Fayed]].<ref name=merrin99>{{cite journal|last=Merrin|first=William|title=Crash, bang, wallop! What a picture! The death of Diana and the media|journal=Mortality|year=1999|volume=4|issue=1|pages=41–62|doi=10.1080/713685965}}</ref> They had stopped there en route to London, having spent the preceding nine days together on board Mohamed Al-Fayed's yacht ''Jonikal'' on the [[French Riviera|French]] and [[Italian Riviera]].{{sfn|Cohen|2005|pp=47,51}} They had intended to stay there for the night. Mohamed Al-Fayed was and is the owner of the [[Hôtel Ritz Paris]]. He also owned an apartment in Rue Arsène Houssaye, a short distance from the hotel, just off the [[Champs-Élysées|Avenue des Champs Elysées]].{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=277}}

[[Henri Paul]], the deputy head of security at the [[Hôtel Ritz Paris|Ritz Hotel]], had been instructed to drive the hired black 1994 [[Mercedes-Benz W140|Mercedes-Benz S280]] in order to elude the [[paparazzi]];<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6217366.stm|title=Timeline: How Diana died|date=14 December 2006|work=BBC News|accessdate=13 October 2008}}</ref> a [[decoy]] vehicle left the Ritz first from the main entrance on Place Vendôme, attracting a throng of photographers. Diana and Fayed then departed from the hotel's rear entrance,<ref name=":3" /> Rue Cambon at around 00:20 on 31 August [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] (22:20 on 30 August [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]), heading for the apartment in Rue Arsène Houssaye. They did this to avoid the nearly 30 photographers waiting in the front of the hotel.<ref name=":3" /> They were the rear passengers;<!--by Operation Paget Report, but French Diana crash inquiry report: "police and rescue services discovered a black Mercedes vehicle, type S280, registration number 680 LTV75." Registration number 680 or 688 in French report ??--> [[Trevor Rees-Jones (bodyguard)|Trevor Rees-Jones]], a member of the Fayed family's personal protection team, was in the (right) front passenger seat.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=59}} It was believed that Diana and Dodi were not wearing [[seat belt]]s.<ref name=":6" /> After leaving the Rue Cambon and crossing the [[Place de la Concorde]], they drove along Cours la Reine and Cours Albert 1er – the embankment road along the right bank of the [[River Seine]] – into the Place de l'Alma underpass.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/search/48.863522,2.301828/@48.863522,2.301828,1112m/data=!4m2!2m1!4b1?dg=dbrw&newdg=1|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps}}</ref>

===The crash===
At 12:23&nbsp;a.m., Paul lost control of the vehicle at the entrance to the Pont de l'Alma tunnel. The car struck the righthand wall and then swerved to the left of the two-lane carriageway before it collided head-on with the 13th pillar that supported the roof.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3426309.stm|title=Report 'dispels Diana theories'|publisher=BBC|date=24 January 2004|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> The car was travelling at an estimated speed of {{convert|105|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref>[[#pagetreport|John Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington]] p. 41.</ref> It then spun and hit the stone wall of the tunnel backwards, finally coming to a stop. The impact caused substantial damage, particularly to the front half of the vehicle, as there was no [[guard rail]] between the pillars to prevent this.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=97}} Witnesses arriving shortly after the accident reported smoke.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13456217/|title=Princess Diana Dies in Car Crash|last=|first=|date=31 August 1997|work=Quad-City Times|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Witnesses also reported that photographers on motorcycles "swarmed the Mercedes sedan before it entered the tunnel."<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457985/|title=Police Seize Film|last=|first=|date=1 September 1997|work=The Central New Jersey Home News|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

===The aftermath===
[[File:Alma tunnel Paris.jpg|thumb|The entrance to the Pont de l'Alma Tunnel, the site where Diana was fatally injured]]
As the victims lay in the wrecked car, the photographers, who had been driving slower and were accordingly some distance behind the Mercedes, reached the scene. The photographers were on [[motorcycle]]s.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457275/|title=Car Crash Kills Princess Diana|last=|first=|date=31 August 1997|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Some rushed to help, tried to open the doors and help the victims, while some of them took pictures.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=71}} [[Airbag]]s were deployed.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457637/|title=Sound Drew People; Sight Was Grisly|last=Kornblut|first=Anne E.|date=1 September 1997|work=The Cincinnati Enquirer|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Police arrived on scene around 10 minutes after the crash at  00:30{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=71}} and an [[ambulance]] was on site five minutes after the police, according to witnesses.<ref name=":4" /> [[France Info (radio network)|France Info radio]] reported that one photographer was beaten by witnesses who were horrified by the scene.<ref name=":6" /> Five of the photographers were taken into custody.<ref name=":2" /> Later, two others were detained and around 20 rolls of film were taken from the photographers.<ref name=":6" /> Police also impounded their vehicles.<ref name=":6" /> Firemen also arrived to help remove the victims.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/princess-diana-wales-20th-death-anniversary-fireman-last-words-paris-crash-a7921306.html|title=Fireman who treated Princess Diana after the crash reveals her last words|date=31 August 2017|newspaper=The Independent|accessdate=31 August 2017}}</ref>

Still conscious, Rees-Jones had suffered multiple serious facial injuries and a head [[Bruise|contusion]].<ref name=":8" /> The front occupants' [[airbag]]s had functioned normally.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/53752.stm|title=Diana crash airbags puzzle|date=5 February 1998|work=BBC News|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref> The occupants were not wearing [[seat belt]]s.{{efn|Although there are conflicting reports (such as [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/bodyguard.html BBC] and [http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/21/diana.investigation/ CNN]), the investigation [[Operation Paget]] report notes "Operation Paget's view is that  none of the seat belts were being worn at the time of the impact, including that of Trevor Rees-Jones." (Page 421) [http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/news/nol/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/14_12_06_diana_report.pdf].}} Diana, who had been sitting in the right rear passenger seat, was still conscious.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=71}} Critically injured, Diana was reported to murmur repeatedly, "Oh my God," and after the photographers and other helpers were pushed away by police, "Leave me alone."<ref name="Time-Report">{{cite news|title=Special Report: Princess Diana, 1961–1997 |url=http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/diana/timeline/augsept97/10.html |newspaper=Time |accessdate=1 May 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430123013/http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/diana/timeline/augsept97/10.html |archivedate=30 April 2009 }}</ref> In June 2007 the [[Channel 4]] documentary ''Diana: The Witnesses in the Tunnel'' claimed that the first person to touch Diana was Dr. Maillez,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/culture/microsites/D/diana/|title=Diana: The Witnesses in the Tunnel|work=Channel4|accessdate=30 April 2011}}</ref> who chanced upon the scene. He reported that Diana had no visible injuries but was in [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]].{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=126}} Diana was removed from the car at 1:00&nbsp;am. She then went into [[cardiac arrest]] and following external [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]], her heart started beating again.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/french-firefighter-reveals-princess-dianas-last-words-w500636|title=Firefighter Reveals Princess Diana's Last Words 20 Years After Death|work=Rolling Stone|date=August 31, 2017|access-date=August 31, 2017}}</ref> She was moved to the [[Emergency medical services in France|SAMU ambulance]] at 1:18&nbsp;am, left the scene at 1:41&nbsp;am and arrived at the [[Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital]] at 2:06&nbsp;am.<ref>[[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales#pagetreport|John Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington]] pp. 525–527.</ref>

Fayed had been sitting in the left rear passenger seat and was shortly afterwards pronounced dead.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1570885/Princess-Diana-watched-lover-Dodi-dying.html|title=Princess Diana 'watched lover Dodi dying'|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=29 November 2007|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref> Paul was declared dead on removal from the wreckage.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=71}} Both were taken to the [[Institut Médico-Légal]] (IML), the Paris [[mortuary]], not to a hospital.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=177}} Paul was later found to have a [[Blood alcohol content|blood alcohol level]] of 0.175 grams per 100 mL of blood - about 3.5 times [[Blood alcohol content#Legal limit|the legal limit in France]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13458498/|title=Car's Speedometer Stuck at 121 MPH|last=Kole|first=William J.|date=1 September 1997|work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

Despite attempts to save her, Diana's internal injuries were too extensive: her heart had been displaced to the right side of the chest, which tore the [[pulmonary vein]] and the [[pericardium]]. Despite lengthy [[resuscitation]] attempts, including internal cardiac massage, she died at 4:00&nbsp;a.m.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=133}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emergency.com/dianaded.htm|title=Series of Real-Time Reports involving the tragic death of Diana, Princess of Wales|publisher=Emergency|year=1997|accessdate=13 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507233601/http://www.emergency.com/dianaded.htm|archivedate=7 May 2008}}</ref> [[Anesthesiologist]] Bruno Riou announced her death at 6 am at a news conference held at the hospital.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457080/|title=Fatal End to Fairy Tale|last=|first=|date=31 August 1997|work=Palladium-Item|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

Later that morning, [[Jean-Pierre Chevènement]] (French [[Minister of the Interior (France)|Minister of the Interior]]) visited the hospital with French Prime Minister [[Lionel Jospin]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1485723/Secret-papers-recall-Dianas-final-hours.html|title=Secret papers recall Diana's final hours|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=16 March 2005|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref> At around 5:00&nbsp;pm, Diana's former husband, [[Charles, Prince of Wales]], and her two older sisters, [[Lady Sarah McCorquodale]] and [[Lady Jane Fellowes]], arrived in Paris.{{sfn|Cohen|2005|p=143}} The group visited the hospital along with French President [[Jacques Chirac]] and thanked the doctors for trying to save her life.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13467393/|title=Diana: World Mourns as Princess's Body Returns Home|last=|first=|date=1 September 1997|work=The Journal News|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Prince Charles accompanied Diana's body home on Sunday.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13467272/|title=The World Mourns a Princess|last=Johnson|first=Maureen|date=1 September 1997|work=Hartford Courant|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Her body was taken to the Hammersmith and Fulham mortuary in London for its autopsy later that day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/beach-bbqs-dodi-rows-bodyguards-engagement-ring-truth-last-week/|title=Beach BBQs with Dodi, rows with bodyguards and that 'engagement ring'... The truth about the last week of Princess Diana's life|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|first=Martyn|last=Gregory|date=24 August 2017|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref>

Initial media reports stated Diana's car had collided with the pillar at {{convert|190|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, and that the speedometer's needle had jammed at that position.<ref name=":8" /> It was later announced the car's speed on collision was about 95–110&nbsp;km/h (60–70&nbsp;mph). The car was certainly travelling much faster than the [[speed limit]] of {{convert|50|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. In 1999, a French investigation concluded the Mercedes had come into contact with another vehicle (a white [[Fiat Uno]]) in the tunnel.<ref name="Gregory">Martyn Gregory [https://books.google.com/books?id=vZPJjwm6ITMC&pg=PT70 ''Diana: The Last Days''], Random House, 2010, p.70</ref> The driver of that vehicle has never been traced, and the specific vehicle has not been identified.<ref name="Gregory"/>

It was remarked by [[Robin Cook]], the [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|British Foreign Secretary]], that if the accident had been caused in part by being hounded by paparazzi, that it would be "doubly tragic."<ref name=":3" /> Diana's brother also blamed tabloid media for her death.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457747/|title=Right to Privacy Under Scrutiny|last=|first=|date=1 September 1997|work=The Springfield News-Leader|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> An 18-month French judicial investigation concluded in 1999 that the crash was caused by Paul, who lost control at high speed while [[Drunkenness|intoxicated]].<ref name="http1999">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/09/04/ndi04.html|title=Diana crash caused by chauffeur, says report|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=4 September 1999|accessdate=13 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522130924/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1999%2F09%2F04%2Fndi04.html|archivedate=22 May 2008|first=Andrew|last=Haldenby|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Mourning ==
Members of the public were invited to sign a book of condolence at [[St James's Palace|St. James Palace]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13465881/|title=Funeral Said 'Unique for a Unique Person'|last=|first=|date=2 September 1997|work=Press and Sun|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> All 11,000 light bulbs at [[Harrods]] were turned off and not switched on again until after the funeral.<ref name=":10" /> Throughout the night, members of the [[Women's Royal Voluntary Service]] and the [[Salvation Army]] provided support for people queuing along the Mall.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/politics97/diana/mourn.html|title=Public Mourning Continues – Royal Family "Deeply Touched"|work=BBC|accessdate=11 November 2007}}</ref> More than one million bouquets were left at her London home, [[Kensington Palace]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Diana Princess of Wales Paper Doll: The Charity Auction Dresses|last=Tierney|first=Tom|publisher=Courier Corporation|year=1997|isbn=978-0-486-40015-0|p=1989}}</ref> while at her family's estate of [[Althorp]] the public was asked to stop bringing flowers as the volume of people and flowers in the surrounding roads was said to be causing a threat to public safety.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/19th-anniversary-death-diana-princess-11821657|title=19th anniversary of death of Diana, Princess of Wales|date=31 August 2016|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref>

By 10 September, the pile of flowers outside [[Kensington Gardens]] was {{convert|5|ft}} deep in places and the bottom layer had started to [[compost]].<ref>''The Independent'', 10 September 1997.</ref> The people were quiet, queuing patiently to sign the book and leave their gifts. There were a few minor incidents. Fabio Piras, a Sardinian tourist, was given a one-week prison sentence on 10 September for having taken a teddy bear from the pile. When the sentence was later reduced to a £100 fine, Piras was punched in the face by a member of the public when he left the court.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1997/09/11/ndi411.html|title=Punch in face for teddy bear thief|last=Dutter|first=Barbie|date=11 September 1997|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=8 June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040913114236/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1997%2F09%2F11%2Fndi411.html|archivedate=13 September 2004|location=UK|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The next day two Slovakian tourists, Maria Rigolova, a 54-year-old secondary school teacher and Agnese Sihelksa, a 50-year-old communications technician, were each given a 28-day prison sentence for having taken 11 teddy bears and a number of flowers from the pile outside the palace.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/11/diana.teddy.bears/|title=2 Slovaks jailed for stealing teddy bears left for Diana|date=11 September 1997|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> This was reduced to a fine of £200 each.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://spectator.sme.sk/c/20014494/slovak-tour-guide-unemployed-woman-charged-with-stealing-diana-mementos.html|title=Slovak tour guide, unemployed woman charged with stealing Diana mementos|date=25 September 1997|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref>

==Funeral==
{{Main article|Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales}}
{{Further|Althorp#Diana grave, memorial, and exhibition}}
Early on, it was uncertain if it would be a [[state funeral]] since Diana had lost her royal status because of her divorce from Prince Charles in 1996.<ref name=":5" />

Diana's death was met with extraordinary public expressions of grief, and her funeral at [[Westminster Abbey]] on 6 September drew an estimated 3&nbsp;million mourners and onlookers in London,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.londonnet.co.uk/ln/talk/news/diheadlines_previous1.html|title=Diana, Princess of Wales: The story so far |publisher=London Net}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/6/newsid_2502000/2502307.stm|title=On this day 6&nbsp;September&nbsp;1997|date=6 September 1997|accessdate=30 October 2007|publisher=BBC}}</ref> and worldwide television coverage watched by 2.5&nbsp;billion people.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/6/newsid_2502000/2502307.stm|title=1997: Diana's funeral watched by millions|accessdate=16 March 2012|work=BBC|date=6 September 1997}}</ref> It was aired to 200 countries in 44 languages.<ref name="brownbasil">{{cite journal|last=Brown|first=William J.|author2=Michael D. Basil |author3=Mihai C. Bocarnea |title=Social Influence of an International Celebrity: Responses to the Death of Princess Diana|journal=[[Journal of Communication]]|date=December 2003|volume=53|issue=4|pages=587–605|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02912.x/pdf|doi=10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02912.x}}</ref> Outside the Abbey and in [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] crowds watched and listened to proceedings on large outdoor screens and speakers as guests filed in, including representatives of the many charities of which Diana was patron. Attendants included [[First Lady of the United States|US First Lady]] [[Hillary Clinton]], [[Bernadette Chirac]], wife of the French President, [[Jacques Chirac]] and other celebrities, including Italian tenor [[Luciano Pavarotti]] and friends of Diana, [[George Michael]] and [[Elton John]].<ref name="Time-Report"/><ref>Joal Ryan (6 September 1997) [http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b35134_farewell_mummy_princess_dianas_funeral.html Farewell, "Mummy": Princess Diana's Funeral] [[E!]]online</ref> John performed a [[Candle in the Wind 1997|rewritten version]] of his song "[[Candle in the Wind]]" that was dedicated to her.<ref>''Elton's re-written song''{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/politics97/diana/lyrics.html|title=Candle in the Wind|work=BBC News|accessdate=22 October 2007}}</ref> Protocol was disregarded when the guests applauded the speech by Diana's younger brother [[Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer|Earl Spencer]], who strongly criticised the press and indirectly criticised the Royal Family for their treatment of her.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/325163.stm|title='You brightened our lives'|date=21 April 1999|work=BBC News|accessdate=2 January 2010}}</ref> The funeral is estimated to have been watched by 31.5 million viewers in Britain. Precise calculation of the worldwide audience is not possible, but estimated at around 2.5 billion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/1997-09-08/news/18058918_1_princess-diana-fox-news-channel-channel-and-msnbc|title=U.S. Paid Its Respects By Tuning In To Funeral|last=Huff|first=Richard|date=8 September 1997|work=Daily News|location=New York}}</ref>

After the end of the ceremony, the coffin was driven to [[Althorp]] in a [[Daimler Company|Daimler]] hearse.<ref name="Hearse">Sholto Byrnes, "Pandora", ''The Independent'', 1 May 2003, p. 17.</ref> Mourners cast flowers at the funeral procession for almost the entire length of its journey and vehicles even stopped on the opposite carriageway of the [[M1 motorway]] as the cars passed.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/politics97/diana/order.html "The Funeral Service of Diana, Princess Wales"]. BBC. 6 September 1997.</ref>

In a private ceremony, Diana was buried on an island in the middle of a lake called The Oval, which is part of the Pleasure Garden at [[Althorp]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/diana-the-last-resting-place-a-lake-island-grave-in-splendid-isolation-1237637.html|title=Diana – The Last Resting Place: A lake island grave in splendid isolation|date=5 September 1997|newspaper=The Independent|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref> In her coffin, she wore a black [[Catherine Walker (fashion designer)|Catherine Walker]] dress and is clutching a [[rosary]] in her hands.  The rosary had been a gift from [[Mother Teresa]] of Calcutta, a confidante of Diana, who had died the day before her funeral.  A visitors' centre is open during summer months, with an exhibition about her and a walk around the lake. All profits are donated to the [[Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/life/travel/memorials-to-the-peoples-princess-still-draw-admirers/|title=Memorials to "the people’s princess" still draw admirers|last=Warner|first=Gary A.|date=31 August 2007|work=The Seattle Times|access-date=30 August 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Reactions==
Some criticised the reaction to Diana's death at the time as being "hysterical" and "irrational". As early as 1998 philosopher [[Anthony O'Hear]] identified the mourning as a defining point in the "sentimentalisation of Britain", a media-fuelled phenomenon where image and reality become blurred.<ref>[[O'Hear, Anthony]] (1998) "Diana, Queen of Hearts: Sentimentality personified and canonised" in Anderson and Mullen ''Faking It: The sentimentalisation of modern society'', [[Social Affairs Unit]], {{ISBN|978-0-907631-75-0}}</ref> [[Oasis (band)|Oasis]] bandleader [[Noel Gallagher]] responded to the reaction with "The woman's dead. Shut up. Get over it".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1425553/oasis-noel-sounds-off-on-paul-mccartney-diana-mourners/|title=Oasis' Noel Sounds Off On Paul McCartney, Diana Mourners|date=10 October 1997|work=MTV|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref> These criticisms were repeated on the 10th anniversary, when journalist [[Jonathan Freedland]] expressed the opinion that "It has become an embarrassing memory, like a mawkish, self-pitying teenage entry in a diary ... we cringe to think about it." In 2010, [[Theodore Dalrymple]] suggested "sentimentality, both spontaneous and generated by the exaggerated attention of the media, that was necessary to turn the death of the princess into an event of such magnitude thus served a political purpose, one that was inherently dishonest in a way that parallels the dishonesty that lies behind much sentimentality itself".<ref>{{cite book|title=Spoilt Rotten: The Toxic Cult of Sentimentality|last=Dalrymple|first=Theodore|publisher=Gibson Square Books Ltd|year=2010|isbn=1-906142-61-0|page=154|ref=harv}}</ref> Some cultural analysts disagreed. Sociologist [[Deborah Lynn Steinberg|Deborah Steinberg]] pointed out that many Britons associated Diana not with the Royal Family but with social change and a more liberal society: "I don't think it was hysteria, the loss of a public figure can be a touchstone for other issues."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070830/diana_grieving_070831/20070831/|title=Hysteria after Diana's death: A myth or reality?|author=Sandie Benitah|date=31 August 2007|work=CTV News|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070903042643/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070830/diana_grieving_070831/20070831/|archivedate=3 September 2007|deadurl=yes}}</ref> Carol Wallace of ''[[People (magazine)|People Magazine]]'' said that the fascination with Diana's death had to do with "the fairy tale failing to end happily – twice, first when she got divorced and now that she died."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13458191/|title=Fascination With Princess Diana As Great in Death as it Was in Life|last=Kane|first=Karen|date=1 September 1997|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

===Royal family===
The Queen expressed her dismay at Diana's death when she found out.<ref name=":11">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13466847/|title=Queen 'Deeply Shocked, Distressed By Terrible News'|last=|first=|date=31 August 1997|work=Honolulu-Star-Advertiser|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Prince Charles was the person who told their sons about their mother's death.<ref name=":11" /> The princes were told of her death before dawn, as Prince Charles had to wake them up to share the tragic news.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13467035/|title=Charles Tells Boys Their Mother is Dead|last=|first=|date=31 August 1997|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The boys were close to their mother.<ref name=":12" /> On Sunday morning after Diana's death, Queen Elizabeth, Princes Charles, William and Harry all wore black to church services at  [[Balmoral Castle]].<ref name=":7" /> Prince Charles, William and Harry would be coming back to London on Friday, September 5.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13467545/|title=Length of the Funeral Procession is Tripled|last=Leeman|first=Sue|date=4 September 1997|work=The News Journal|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The Queen, who returned to London from Balmoral, agreed to a television broadcast to the nation.<ref name="Streeter" />

The Royal Family was criticised for a rigid adherence to [[Protocol (diplomacy)|protocol]], and their concern to care for Diana's grieving sons, was interpreted as a lack of compassion.<ref name="BBC-flags">{{cite news|title=Flags at half mast for Diana|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/138289.stm|date=23 July 1998|work=BBC News|quote="At the same time, the House of Windsor showed how stung it was in a statement issued by the Queen's press secretary Geoffrey Crawford. He said on television: "The Royal Family have been hurt by suggestions that they are indifferent to the country's sorrow at the tragic death of the Princess of Wales.""|accessdate=24 July 2017}}</ref> In particular, the refusal of [[Buckingham Palace]] to fly the [[Royal Standard (United Kingdom)|Royal Standard]] at [[half-mast]] provoked angry headlines in newspapers.<ref name="BBC-flags"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/04/diana.royals.under.fire/|title=Royal family hurt by criticism over Diana|publisher=CNN|date=4 September 1997|accessdate=17 March 2018}}</ref> "Where is our Queen? Where is her Flag?" asked ''The Sun''.<ref name="Streeter">{{Cite news|title=The Queen bows to her subjects|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/the-queen-bows-to-her-subjects-1237450.html|date=5 September 1997|work=The Independent|accessdate=27 February 2014|location=London|first=Michael|last=Streeter}}</ref> The Palace's stance was one of royal protocol: no flag could fly over Buckingham Palace, as the Royal Standard is only flown when the Queen is in residence, and the Queen was then in Scotland. The Royal Standard never flies at half-mast as it is the Sovereign's flag and there is never an [[interregnum]] or vacancy in the monarchy, as the new monarch [[The king is dead, long live the king!|immediately succeeds]] his or her predecessor. Finally, as a compromise, the [[Union Flag]] was flown at half-mast as the Queen left for Westminster Abbey on the day of the funeral.<ref name="Streeter" /> This set a precedent, and [[Flags at Buckingham Palace|Buckingham Palace has subsequently flown the Union Flag]] when the Queen is not in residence.<ref>{{cite book|title=Constitutional and Administrative Law: Text with Materials|author=David Pollard, Neil|p=22|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-199-28637-9}}</ref> A rift between Prince Charles and the Queen's private secretary Sir [[Robert Fellowes, Baron Fellowes|Robert Fellowes]] (Diana's brother-in-law) was reported in the media over what the nature of the Princess's funeral should be with Charles demanding a public funeral and Fellowes supporting the Queen's idea of a private one.<ref name="Public-Private">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/16/world/queen-issues-feisty-denial-of-disputes-over-funeral.html|title=Queen Issues Feisty Denial Of Disputes Over Funeral|publisher=The New York Times|first=Youssef M.|last=Ibrahim|date=16 September 1997|accessdate=17 March 2018}}</ref> The Palace later issued a statement denying such rumours.<ref name="Public-Private"/>

Prince Harry said in 2017 that the death of his mother caused [[Major depressive disorder|severe depression]] and grief.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-entertainment-news-updates-may-prince-william-talks-about-taboo-of-1496158945-htmlstory.html|title=Prince William talks about 'taboo' of mental illness and death of Diana in new interview|last=Hill|first=Libby|date=30 May 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=30 August 2017|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035}}</ref> Prince William was 15 and Harry was 12 when Diana died.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457935/|title=Strong Bond With Mother May Help Young Princes Cope With Her Death|last=Vitez|first=Michael|date=1 September 1997|work=Daily Record|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

=== Politicians' reactions ===
[[File:President Clinton's Remarks on Death of Princess Diana (1997).webm|thumb|right|President Bill Clinton's remarks on Diana's death]]
British Prime Minister, [[Tony Blair]], said that he "felt utterly devastated by the death of the Princess."<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457830/|title=Shocked Blair Salutes 'The People's Princess'|last=|first=|date=1 September 1997|work=The Age|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> President [[Bill Clinton]] said that he and his wife, [[Hillary Clinton]] were "profoundly saddened" when they found out about her death.<ref name=":2" /> [[Kofi Annan]], the [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|United Nations Secretary-General]] said that her death "has robbed the world of a consistent and committed voice for the improvement of the lives of suffering children worldwide."<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13458272/|title=Diana's Mourners Span the Globe|last=|first=|date=1 September 1997|work=Honolulu Star-Advertiser|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In Australia, the Deputy Prime Minister, [[Tim Fischer]], condemned the paparazzi for their overzealous coverage of Diana.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13465810/|title=Australian Leaders Condemn Intrusion Into Private Life|last=Middleton|first=Karen|date=2 September 1997|work=The Age|access-date=31 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Russian President [[Boris Yeltsin]] praised Diana's charity work in a statement saying "All know of Princess Diana's big contribution to charitable work, and not only in Great Britain".<ref name="politics-react">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/worldreax.html|title=World Reaction to Diana's Death|publisher=BBC|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.com/royals/princess-diana-54th-birthday-commemoration-her-charities/moscow/|title=Princess Diana and the Causes Close to Her Heart|publisher=People|first=Cara Lynn|last=Shultz|first2=Diana|last2=Pearl|date=23 June 2011|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref> Among other politicians who sent messages of condolences were South African President [[Nelson Mandela]], Australian Prime Minister [[John Howard]], Canadian Prime Minister [[Jean Chrétien]], New Zealand Prime Minister [[Jim Bolger]], and Israeli Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref name="politics-react"/>

===Public reactions===
In London, thousands of people carried bouquets and stood outside of Buckingham Palace after the news of her death.<ref name=":7" /> People started bringing flowers within an hour after the news was shared.<ref name=":11" /> The BBC flew its flags at [[half-mast]].<ref name=":7" /> Both radio and television aired the British national anthem, "God Save the Queen," in response to Diana's death.<ref name=":11" />

People in the United States were shocked at her death.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13457124/|title=Shock Sets in Locally as News Spreads|last=Fasnacht|first=Don|date=31 August 1997|work=Palladium-Item|access-date=30 August 2017|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In Paris, thousands of people visited the site of the crash and the hospital where Diana died.<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13458747/|title=Mourners in Paris Flock to the Scenes of Diana's Last Hours|last=Swardson|first=Anne|date=1 September 1997|work=The Indianapolis Star|access-date=30 August 2017|last2=Trueheart|first2=Charles|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> People brought flowers and also attempted to visit the Hotel Ritz, as well.<ref name=":9" /> In [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]], a [[Land mine|land-mine]] survivor, Jasminko Bjelic, who had met Diana only three weeks earlier, said, "She was our friend."<ref name=":7" /> Following her death many celebrities including actors and singers blamed the paparazzi and condemned their reckless behavior.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/mtv.html|title=Princess's Death Overshadows Music Awards|publisher=BBC|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13456430/|title=Actor Decries Press Tactics|last=Bauder|first=Dave|date=31 August 1997|work=Tallahassee Democrat|access-date=30 August 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

During the four weeks following her funeral, the [[suicide rate]] in England and Wales rose by 17% and cases of [[Self-injury|deliberate self-harm]] by 44.3% compared with the average for that period in the four previous years. Researchers suggest that this was caused by the "[[identification (psychology)|identification]]" effect, as the greatest increase in suicides was by people most similar to Diana: women aged 25 to 44, whose suicide rate increased by over 45%.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Effect of death of Diana, princess of Wales on suicide and deliberate self-harm|last1=Hawton |first1=Keith|last2=Harriss|first2=Louise|last3=Simkin|first3=Sue|last4=Jusczcak|first4=Edmund|last5=Appleby |first5=Louise|last6=McDonnell|first6=Ros|last7=Amos|first7=Tim|last8=Kiernan|first8=Katy|last9=Parrott|first9=Hilary|publisher=The Royal College of Psychiatrists|journal=British Journal of Psychiatry|issue=5|date=November 2000|url=http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/reprint/177/5/463|accessdate=4 June 2010|pages=463–466|pmid=11060002 |doi=10.1192/bjp.177.5.463|volume=177}}</ref> Another research showed that 50% of Britons and 27% of Americans were deeply affected by her death as if someone they knew had died. It also concluded that in general women were more affected than men in both of the countries.<ref name="Gallup">{{cite web|url=http://news.gallup.com/vault/217355/gallup-vault-diana-death-personal.aspx|title=Gallup Vault: Diana's Death Was Personal for Many|publisher=Gallup|first=Lydia|last=Saad|date=30 August 2017|accessdate=22 February 2018}}</ref> The same research showed that Diana's "charitable endeavors" and "ability to identify with ordinary people" were among the main factors that caused her to be admired and respected by the people.<ref name="Gallup"/> In the weeks after her death counselling services reported an increase in the number of phone calls by the people who were seeking help due to grief or distress.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/grief.html|title=A Nation's Loss|publisher=BBC|accessdate=3 March 2018}}</ref>

The national grieving for Diana had economic effects. In the short term, the Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR) estimated that retail sales dropped 1% that week. Traffic congestion in central London as crowds went to the palaces to pay homage likewise adversely affected [[productivity]], and the CEBR estimated that would cost businesses £200 million, or a total loss of 0.1% of [[gross domestic product]] for the third quarter of 1997. However, in the long run the CEBR expected that to be offset by increased tourism and memorabilia sales.<ref name="Economic effect">{{cite news|last=Marks|first=Kathy|title=Diana 1961-1997: The legacy - Death to affect British economy|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/diana-1961-1997-the-legacy-death-to-affect-british-economy-1238058.html|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=7 September 1997|accessdate=24 October 2017}}</ref>

== Memorials ==
{{further|Diana, Princess of Wales#Memorials}}
[[File:Flame of Liberty.jpg|thumb|right|upright|The ''[[Flame of Liberty]]'', the unofficial Diana memorial in Paris, France]]
In the years after her death, interest in the life of Diana has remained high. As a temporary memorial, the public co-opted the ''Flamme de la Liberté'' (''[[Flame of Liberty]]''), a monument near the Alma Tunnel related to the French donation of the [[Statue of Liberty]] to the United States. The messages of condolence have since been removed and its use as a Diana memorial has discontinued, though visitors still leave messages in her memory. A permanent memorial, the [[Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fountain]], was opened by [[Queen Elizabeth II|the Queen]] in [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] in London on 6 July 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/hyde-park/hyde-park-attractions/diana-memorial-fountain|title=Diana Memorial Fountain|work=The Royal Parks|accessdate=25 July 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810143439/http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/hyde-park/hyde-park-attractions/diana-memorial-fountain|archivedate=10 August 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Inquests==
{{Further information|Operation Paget}}

Under [[English law]], an [[Inquest (England and Wales)|inquest]] is required in cases of sudden or unexplained death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/Death/WhatToDoAfterADeath/DG_066713|title=Coroners, post-mortems and inquests|work=[[Directgov]]|accessdate=8 June 2010}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2004/10/princess-diana-death-investigations|title=The Diana Mysteries|last=Sancton|first=Tom|date=1 October 2004|work=Vanities|access-date=30 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> A French judicial investigation had already been carried out but the 6,000-page report was never published.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3190301.stm|title=Diana and Dodi inquests announced|publisher=BBC|date=29 August 2003|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> On 6 January 2004, six years after her death, an [[inquest]] into the deaths of Diana and Fayed opened in London held by [[Michael Burgess (coroner)|Michael Burgess]], the coroner of the Queen's household.<ref name=":0" /> The coroner asked the Metropolitan Police Commissioner, [[John Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington|Sir John Stevens]], to make inquiries, in response to speculation that the deaths were not an accident.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3371053.stm|title=Diana crash investigation ordered|publisher=BBC|date=6 January 2004|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> The police investigation reported its findings in [[Operation Paget]] in December 2006.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1544282/Lord-Stevens-report-Claims-and-conclusions.html|title=Lord Stevens report: Claims and conclusions|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=30 August 2017|language=en}}</ref>

In January 2006, Lord Stevens explained in an interview on [[GMTV]] that the case is substantially more complex than once thought. ''[[The Sunday Times (UK)|The Sunday Times]]'' wrote on 29 January 2006 that agents of the British secret service were cross-examined because they were in Paris at the time of the crash. It was suggested in many journals that these agents might have exchanged the blood test of the driver with another blood sample (although no evidence for this has been forthcoming).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2087-2014816,00.html|title=Doubts cast over blood samples in Diana inquiry|last=Leppard|first=David|date=29 January 2006|newspaper=The Sunday Times|accessdate=1 May 2010|location=London}}</ref><!--Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung|date=30 January 2006|title=Auftrieb für Spekulationen (in: Aus Aller Welt)}} {{de icon}}</ref> --><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theroyalist.net/content/view/372/2/|title=The Diana Investigation: What Lord Stevens Really Said|date=30 January 2006|publisher=The Royalist}}</ref>

The inquests into the deaths of Diana and Fayed opened on 8 January 2007, with Dame [[Elizabeth Butler-Sloss]] acting as [[Coroner of the Queen's Household|Deputy Coroner of the Queen's Household]] for the Diana inquest and Assistant Deputy Coroner for Surrey in relation to the Fayed inquest. Butler-Sloss originally intended to sit without a jury;<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article1293183.ece|title=No jury for Diana inquest|author=Lee Glendinning|newspaper=The Times|date=15 January 2007|accessdate=4 June 2010|location=London}}</ref> this decision was later overturned by the High Court,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6411091.stm|title=Diana inquest to be heard by jury|work=BBC News|date=2 March 2007|accessdate=4 June 2010}}</ref> as well as the jurisdiction of the Coroner of the Queen's Household. On 24 April 2007, Butler-Sloss stepped down, saying she lacked the experience required to deal with an inquest with a jury.<ref name="inquests">{{cite web|url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/faq/index.htm|title=Inquests into the deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed: FAQs|year=2008|work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/faq/index.htm|archive-date=21 May 2008|dead-url=yes|accessdate=4 June 2010}}</ref> The role of Coroner for the inquests was transferred to [[Scott Baker (judge)|Lord Justice Scott Baker]], who formally took up the role on 13 June as Coroner for Inner West London.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/mar/31/diana.timeline|title=Timeline: The Diana inquiries|newspaper=The Guardian|date=31 March 2008|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref>

On 27 July 2007, Baker, following representations for the lawyers of the interested parties, issued a list of issues likely to be raised at the inquest, many of which had been dealt with in great detail by [[Operation Paget]]:

{{quote|
# Whether driver error on the part of Henri Paul caused or contributed to the cause of the collision
# Whether Henri Paul's ability to drive was impaired through drink or drugs
# Whether a Fiat Uno or any other vehicle caused or contributed to the collision
# Whether the actions of the Paparazzi caused or contributed to the cause of the collision
# Whether the road/tunnel layout and construction were inherently dangerous and, if so, whether this contributed to the collision
# Whether any bright/flashing lights contributed to or caused the collision and, if so, their source
# Whose decision it was that the Princess of Wales and Dodi Al Fayed should leave from the rear entrance to the Ritz and that Henri Paul should drive the vehicle
# Henri Paul's movements between 7 and 10&nbsp;pm on 30 August 1997
# The explanation for the money in Henri Paul's possession on 30 August 1997 and in his bank account
# Whether Andanson was in Paris on the night of the collision
# Whether Diana's life would have been saved if she had reached hospital sooner or if her medical treatment had been different
# Whether Diana was pregnant
# Whether Diana and Dodi Al Fayed were about to announce their engagement
# Whether and, if so in what circumstances, the Princess of Wales feared for her life
# The circumstances relating to the purchase of the ring
# The circumstances in which Diana's body was embalmed
# Whether the evidence of [[Richard Tomlinson|Tomlinson]] throws any light on the collision
# Whether the British or any other security services had any involvement in the collision
# Whether there was anything sinister about (i) the Cherruault burglary or (ii) the disturbance at the Big Pictures agency
# Whether correspondence belonging to the Princess of Wales (including some from Prince Philip) has disappeared, and if so the circumstances.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/directions_decs/issueslist_27072007.htm|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/directions_decs/issueslist_27072007.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=21 May 2008|title=Inquests into the deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed: Pre-inquest Hearing – 27&nbsp;July 2007 – List of Likely Issues|accessdate=4 June 2010|work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|date=27 July 2007}}</ref>}}

The inquests officially began on 2 October 2007 with the swearing of a jury of six women and five men. Scott Baker delivered a lengthy opening statement giving general instructions to the jury and introducing the evidence.<ref>{{cite web|title=Inquests into the deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed: Hearing transcript – 2&nbsp;October 2007 Morning |url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/021007am.htm |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/021007am.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=21 May 2008 |work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|accessdate=4 June 2010|year=2008}}</ref> The BBC reported that Mohamed Al-Fayed, having earlier reiterated his claim that his son and Diana were murdered by the Royal Family, immediately criticised the opening statement as biased.<ref>{{cite news|title=BBC Report of First Day of Inquests, see video report with Nicholas Witchell|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7023227.stm|date=2 October 2007|accessdate=2 January 2010|work=BBC News}}</ref>

The inquest heard evidence from people connected with Diana and the events leading to her death, including [[Paul Burrell]], Mohamed Al-Fayed, her stepmother, the survivor of the crash, and the former head of [[MI5]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Al Fayed gets his 'moment' in court|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7250241.stm|work=BBC News|date=18 February 2008| accessdate=2 January 2010|first=Caroline|last=McClatchey}}</ref>

{{Wikinews|Princess Diana jury returns verdict of "unlawful killing"}}
Scott Baker began his summing up to the jury on 31 March 2008.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite news|title=Duke 'did not order death of Diana'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7322204.stm|work=BBC News|date=31 March 2008|accessdate=2 January 2010}}</ref> He opened by telling the jury "no-one except you and I and, I think, the gentleman in the public gallery with Diana and Fayed painted on his forehead sat through every word of evidence" and concluded that there was "not a shred of evidence" that Diana's death had been ordered by the Duke of Edinburgh or organised by the security services.<ref>{{cite web|title = Hearing transcripts: 2&nbsp;April&nbsp;2008 Morning session|date=31 March 2008|url = http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/310308am.htm|archive-url = http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/310308am.htm|dead-url = yes|archive-date = 21 May 2008|work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|accessdate=28 May 2009}}</ref> Lord Justice Scott Baker concluded his summing up on Wednesday, 2 April 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hearing transcripts: 4&nbsp;April&nbsp;2008 Morning session |date=2 April 2008|url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/020408am.htm |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/020408am.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=21 May 2008 |work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|accessdate=28 May 2009}}</ref> After summing up, the jury retired to consider five verdicts, namely unlawful killing by the negligence of either or both the following vehicles or Paul; accidental death or an open verdict.<ref name="autogenerated2" /> The jury decided on 7 April 2008 that Diana had been unlawfully killed by the following vehicles.<ref name="verdict">{{cite web|url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/verdict.htm|title=Hearing transcripts: 7&nbsp;April 2008 – Verdict of the jury|publisher=Judicial Communications Office|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/verdict.htm|archive-date=21 May 2008|dead-url=yes|accessdate=15 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Princess Diana unlawfully killed|date=7 April 2008|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7328754.stm|accessdate=5 August 2008}}</ref> Princes William and Harry released a statement in which they said that they "agree with their verdicts and are both hugely grateful."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7335872.stm|title=Princes welcome inquest verdicts|publisher=BBC|date=8 April 2008|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> Mohamed Al Fayed also said that he would accept the verdict and "abandon his 10-year campaign to prove that Diana and Dodi were murdered in a conspiracy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7337789.stm|title=Al Fayed abandons Diana campaign|publisher=BBC|date=8 April 2008|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref>

The cost of the inquiry exceeded £12.5&nbsp;million, with the coroner's inquest at £4.5&nbsp;million, and a further £8&nbsp;million spent on the Metropolitan Police investigation. It lasted 6 months and heard 250 witnesses, with the cost heavily criticised in the media.<ref>{{cite news|title=Diana inquiry costs exceed £12m|date=15 April 2008|work=BBC News
|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7349059.stm|accessdate=5 August 2008}}</ref>

== Related lawsuits ==
Nine photographers who had been following Diana and Dodi in 1997, were charged with manslaughter in France.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://mobile-feeds.cbsnews.com/news/diana-crash-photogs-acquitted/|title=Diana Crash Photogs Acquitted|last=Cosgrove-Mather|first=Bootie|date=28 November 2003|work=CBS|access-date=30 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> France's "highest court" dropped the charges in 2002.<ref name=":1" />

Three photographers who took pictures of the aftermath of the crash on 31 August 1997 had their photographs confiscated and were tried for invasion of privacy for taking pictures through the open door of the crashed car.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4442659.stm|title=Diana paparazzi trio face retrial|publisher=BBC|date=13 April 2005|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> The photographers, who were part of the "paparazzi" were acquitted in 2003.<ref name=":1" />

==Conspiracy theories==
{{Main article|Death of Diana, Princess of Wales conspiracy theories}}
Although the initial French investigation found that Diana had died as a result of an accident, several [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] have been raised.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/3372593.stm|title=The theory about conspiracies|publisher=BBC|date=6 January 2004|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref> Since February 1998, Fayed's father, [[Mohamed Al-Fayed]] (the owner of the [[Hôtel Ritz Paris|Hôtel Ritz]], where Paul worked, and thus potentially liable for wrongful death liability) has claimed that the crash was a result of a [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales conspiracy theories|conspiracy]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/55800.stm|title=Diana crash was a conspiracy – Al Fayed|date=12 February 1998|accessdate=5 August 2008|publisher=BBC News}}</ref> and later contended that the crash was orchestrated by [[Secret Intelligence Service|MI6]] on the instructions of the [[British Royal Family|Royal Family]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7251568.stm|title=Point-by-point: Al Fayed's claims|date=19 February 2008|work=BBC News|accessdate=5 August 2008}}</ref> His claims were dismissed by a French judicial investigation<ref name="autogenerated1" /> and by [[Operation Paget]], a [[Metropolitan Police Service]] inquiry that concluded in 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6179275.stm|title=Diana death a 'tragic accident'|date=14 December 2006|work=BBC News|accessdate=5 August 2008}}</ref> An inquest headed by [[Scott Baker (judge)|Lord Justice Scott Baker]] into the deaths of Diana and Fayed began at the [[Royal Courts of Justice]], London, on 2 October 2007, a continuation of the inquest that began in 2004.<ref name="inquests" /> On 7 April 2008, the jury concluded that Diana and Fayed were the victims of an  "unlawful killing" by the "[[Gross negligence|grossly negligent]]" chauffeur Paul and the drivers of the following vehicles.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1584160/Diana-jury-blames-paparazzi-and-Henri-Paul-for-her-unlawful-killing.html|title=Diana jury blames paparazzi and Henri Paul for her 'unlawful killing'|last=Rayner|first=Gordon|date=7 April 2008|work=Daily Telegraph|accessdate=12 October 2013|location=London}}</ref> Additional factors were "the impairment of the judgment of the driver of the Mercedes through alcohol" and "the death of the deceased was caused or contributed to by the fact that the deceased was not wearing a seat belt, the fact that the Mercedes struck the pillar in the Alma Tunnel rather than colliding with something else".<ref name="verdict" />

On 17 August 2013, [[Scotland Yard]] revealed that they were examining the credibility of information from a source that alleged that Diana was murdered by a member of the British military.<ref name="reu17">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/17/us-britain-diana-idUSBRE97G09H20130817|title=British police studying new information on Princess Diana death|last=Addison|first=Stephen|date=17 August 2013|newspaper=Reuters|accessdate=18 August 2013|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/17/world/europe/england-princess-diana/index.html|title=Newly revealed conspiracy claim in Princess Diana death sparks talk|author=Michael Pearson|date=17 August 2013|newspaper=CNN|accessdate=18 August 2013|author2=Atika Shubert}}</ref>

==In the media==
Actor [[George Clooney]] publicly lambasted several tabloids and paparazzi agencies following Diana's death. A few of the tabloids [[boycott]]ed Clooney following the outburst, stating that he "owed a fair portion of his celebrity" to the tabloids and photo agencies in question.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101970915-138281,00.html|title=Hey, wanna buy some pix?|author=Richard Zoglin|date=24 June 2001|work=TIME|accessdate=22 October 2007}}</ref>

Diana was ranked third in the 2002 ''[[100 Greatest Britons|Great Britons]]'' poll sponsored by the BBC and voted for by the British public, after [[Sir Winston Churchill]] (1st) (a distant  cousin), and [[Isambard Kingdom Brunel]] (2nd), just above [[Charles Darwin]] (4th), [[William Shakespeare]] (5th), and [[Isaac Newton]] (6th). That same year, another British poll named Diana's death as the most important event in the country's last 100 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2002/08/27/Poll-queries-British-sense-of-history/UPI-69441030476098/|title=Poll queries British sense of history|last=Almond|first=Peter|date=27 August 2002|work=United Press International|location=Washington, D.C.|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69Tx5NHQd?url=http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2002/08/27/Poll-queries-British-sense-of-history/UPI-69441030476098/|archivedate=28 July 2012|deadurl=no|accessdate=28 July 2012|df=dmy}}</ref> Historian Nick Barrett criticised this outcome as being "a pretty shocking result".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2002/aug/31/20020831-041721-1985r/|title=Rue Britannia: Diana's death tops poll|date=31 August 2002|newspaper=The Washington Times|accessdate=28 July 2012|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69TxRbFI9?url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2002/aug/31/20020831-041721-1985r/|archivedate=28 July 2012|deadurl=no|location=Washington, D.C.|df=dmy}}</ref>

Later in 2004, US TV network [[CBS]] showed pictures of the crash scene showing an intact rear side and centre section of the Mercedes, including one of an unbloodied Diana with no outward injuries crouched on the rear floor with her back to the right passenger seat—the right rear door is fully open. The release of these pictures were poorly received in the UK, where it was felt that the privacy of Diana was being infringed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/apr/22/pressandpublishing.broadcasting|title=Spencer 'sickened' by Diana pictures|date=22 April 2004|newspaper=The Guardian|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref>

On 13 July 2006, the Italian magazine ''Chi'' published a photograph showing Diana in her "last moments" despite an unofficial blackout on such photographs being published. The photograph was taken shortly after the crash, and shows her slumped in the back seat while a paramedic attempts to fit an oxygen mask over her face. This photograph was also published in other Italian and Spanish magazines and newspapers. The editor of ''Chi'' defended his decision by saying he published the photographs taken from the French investigation dossier for the "simple reason that they haven't been seen before" and that he felt the images do not disrespect the memory of the Princess.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5181226.stm|title=Princes' 'sadness' at Diana photo|date=14 July 2006|work=BBC News|accessdate=2 January 2010}}</ref>

The British newspaper ''[[The Daily Express]]'' has been criticised for continued and sustained coverage of Princess Diana following her death. A 2006 report in ''[[The Guardian]]'' showed that the newspaper had mentioned her in numerous recent news stories, with headlines including "Perhaps Diana should have worn seatbelt", "Diana inquiry chief's laptop secrets stolen", "£250,000 a year bill to run Diana fountain" and "Diana seatbelt sabotage probe".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/may/09/pressandpublishing.themonarchy|title=Any old Diana headline here|date=9 May 2006|newspaper=The Guardian|accessdate=30 August 2017}}</ref>

===Internet coverage===
Diana's death occurred at a time when Internet use in the developed world was booming, and several national newspapers and at least one British regional newspaper had already launched online news services. [[BBC News]] had set up online coverage of the [[United Kingdom general election, 1997|general election]] earlier in 1997<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freshnetworks.com/blog/2008/06/major-events-influenced-bbcs-news-online/|title=Major events influenced BBC's news online|date=5 June 2008|work=Fresh Networks|accessdate=30 April 2011}}</ref> and as a result of the widespread public and media attention that Diana's death resulted in, BBC News swiftly created a website featuring news coverage of Diana's death and the events that followed it. Diana's death helped BBC News officials realise how important online news services were becoming, and a full [[BBC News Online|online news service]] was launched on 4 November that year, alongside the launch of the BBC's rolling news channel [[BBC News (TV channel)|BBC News 24]] on 9 November.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/politics97/diana/|title=Diana Remembered|work=BBC|accessdate=29 May 2013}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{portal|1990s|Death}}
* [[Concert for Diana]], 2007 rock concert to commemorate Diana
* ''[[Diana: Last Days of a Princess]]'', 2007 television docudrama
* ''[[Princess Diana's Revenge]]'', 2006 novel that engages with conspiracy theories relating to Diana's death
* ''[[The Little White Car]]'', 2004 novel based around the mystery Fiat Uno
* ''[[The Queen (2006 film)|The Queen]]'', 2006 film centring upon the Royal Family's reaction to Diana's death
* ''[[The Murder of Princess Diana (book)|The Murder of Princess Diana]]'', 2007 book disputing the official version of events
* ''[[The Murder of Princess Diana]]'', 2007 Lifetime Movies film, a fictionalised adaption of the book of the same name
* ''[[Unlawful Killing (film)|Unlawful Killing]]'', 2011 documentary film
* [[List of notable people who died in traffic collisions]]

== References ==

=== Notes ===
{{notelist}}

=== Citations ===
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Cohen|first=David|title=Diana: Death of a Goddess|publisher=Random House|year=2005|isbn=978-0-099-47134-9|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Martyn|title=Diana: The Last Days| year=1999| publisher=Virgin| location=UK| isbn=0-7535-1162-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Mccleod|first=Scott|author2=Sancton, Thomas|title=Death of a Princess| year=1998| publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson| location=UK|isbn=0-297-84231-5}}
* {{cite book|last=[[John Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington]]|title=The Operation Paget inquiry report into the allegation of conspiracy to murder: Diana, Princess of Wales and Emad El Din Mohamed Abdel Moneim Fayed|url=http://www.met.police.uk/news/docs/OperationPagetReport.pdf|year=2006|publisher=[[Metropolitan Police Service]]|location=London|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6GJ3f2u6Z?url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100704230302/http%3A//www.met.police.uk/news/docs/OperationPagetReport.pdf|archivedate=2 May 2013|ref=pagetreport|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}
* {{cite book|last=Junor|first=Penny|title=Charles: Victim or Villain?|year=1998|publisher=Harper Collins| location=London| isbn=0-00-255900-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Junor|first=Penny|title=The Firm: The Troubled Life of the House of Windsor|year=2005|publisher=HarperCollins| location=London|isbn=0-00-710215-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Rees-Jones|first=Trevor|authorlink=Trevor Rees-Jones (bodyguard)|author2=Moira Johnston|title= The Bodyguard's Story: Diana, the Crash, and the Sole Survivor|year=2000|publisher=Little, Brown|location=London|isbn=0-316-85508-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Simmons|first=Simone|author2=Ingrid Seward|title=Diana: The Last Word| year=2005|publisher=Orion| location=London|isbn=0-7528-6875-6}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/ BBC's full coverage]
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/diana/diana.htm?noredirect=on Washington Post's full coverage]
* [http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/news/nol/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/14_12_06_diana_report.pdf Operation Paget full report]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/31/newsid_2510000/2510615.stm Princess Diana dies in Paris crash – BBC ''On This Day'' archive]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/1/newsid_2493000/2493315.stm Princess Diana driver was 'drunk and speeding' – BBC ''On This Day'' archive]
* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,10654-2507339,00.html The life and poignant death of Diana's driver] ''The Times'' online article
* [http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/index.htm Official Website of the Inquests into the deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales, and Dodi Fayed]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/conspiracy_files/6217366.stm Timeline: How Diana died - BBC]

{{Diana, Princess of Wales}}
{{Portal bar|France|United Kingdom|1990s|Death}}

{{Coord|48|51|51.7|N|2|18|06.8|E|region:FR-75_type:landmark|display=title|notes=<ref>{{cite web|title=Plan of Alma Tunnel| work=Coroner's Inquests into the Deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed|url=http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/evidence/docs/INQ-PLAN-0007.pdf|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080521144222/http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/evidence/docs/INQ-PLAN-0007.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=21 May 2008| format=PDF|date=November 2007|accessdate=22 December 2007|publisher=Computer Aided Modelling Bureau, Metropolitan Police Service}}</ref>}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}

[[:Category:Road incident deaths in France|Diana]]
[[:Category:1997 in the United Kingdom]]
[[:Category:1997 road incidents|Diana]]
[[:Category:Deaths by person|Diana]]
[[:Category:Media coverage and representation]]
[[:Category:Photojournalism controversies]]
[[:Category:1997 in Paris]]
[[:Category:Diana, Princess of Wales]]
[[:Category:August 1997 events in Europe]]