Quelltext der Seite Benutzer:Shi Annan/Verkehr Hongkong

{{Importartikel}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Use Hong Kong English|date=July 2017}}
{{Economy of Hong Kong}}
[[File:Hong Kong Transportation.JPG|thumb|200px|Hong Kong Public Transportation]]
Hong Kong has a [[Developed country|highly developed]] and sophisticated transport network, encompassing both [[public transport|public]] and private transport. Based on Hong Kong Government's Travel Characteristics Survey, over 90% of the daily journeys are on public transport, the highest rate in the world.<ref>Lam, William H.K. [2003] (2003). Advanced Modeling for Transit Operations and Service Planning. Elsevier publishing. {{ISBN|0-08-044206-4}}</ref> However, in 2014 the Transport Advisory Committee, which advises the Government on transportation issues, issued a report on the much worsened congestion problem in Hong Kong and pointed at the excessive growth of private cars during the past 10–15 years.<ref name="thb.gov.hk">http://www.thb.gov.hk/eng/boards/transport/land/Full_Eng_C_cover.pdf</ref>

The [[Octopus card]], a smart [[electronic money]] payment system, was introduced in September 1997 to provide an alternative to the traditional [[banknote]]s and [[coin]]s. Available for purchase in every stop of the [[MTR|Mass Transit Railway]] system, the Octopus card is a non-touch payment system which allows payment not only for public transport (such as trains, buses, trams, ferries and minibuses), but also at [[parking meter]]s, convenience stores, supermarkets, fast-food restaurants and most vending machines.

==Automated pedestrian transport==
===Escalators and moving pavements===
[[File:HK Central Cochrane Street Central-Mid-Levels escalators Upsidedown.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[Central-Mid-Levels escalator]] ]]
{{Main|Central-Mid-Levels escalator}}

[[Hong Kong Island]] is dominated by steep, hilly terrain, which required the development of unusual methods of transport up and down the slopes. In [[Central and Western district]], there is an extensive system of [[Zero-fare public transport|zero-fare]] [[escalator]]s and [[moving pavement]]s. The [[Central-Mid-Levels escalator|Mid-levels Escalator]] is the longest outdoor covered escalator system in the world,<ref name="escalator">{{Cite web| last = Boland| first = Rory| title = Hong Kong's Central-Mid Levels Escalator – The Longest in the World| work=About.com| accessdate =19 July 2009| url = http://gohongkong.about.com/od/whattoseeinhk/a/midlevelsescala.htm}}</ref> operating downhill until 10am for [[commuter]]s going to work, and then operating uphill until midnight.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jahnke|first=Morgen|title=The Central – Mid-Levels Escalator|work=Interesting Thing of the Day|accessdate=25 July 2009|date=26 February 2007|url=http://itotd.com/articles/623/the-central---mid-levels-escalator/}}</ref>

The Mid-levels Escalator consists of twenty escalators and three moving pavements. It is 800 metres long,<ref>{{Cite book|edition=1|publisher=Interlink Books|isbn=1-56656-495-6|page=214|last=Dennis|first=Bernard|title=China: the business traveller's handbook|year=2003}}</ref> and climbs 135 vertical metres.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=World Scientific Publishing|isbn=981-270-771-9|page=138|last=Lim|first=William S. W.|title=Asian Alterity: With Special Reference to Architecture + Urbanism Through the Lens of Cultural Studies|year=2007|others=forewords by Andrew Lee, Leong Teng Wui, Linda Lim & Lim Teck Ghee}}</ref> Total travel time is approximately 25 minutes,<ref name="escalator"/> but most people walk while the escalator moves to shorten the travel time. Due to its vertical climb, the same distance is equivalent to several miles of zigzagging roads if travelled by car. Daily traffic exceeds 35,000 people. It has been operating since 1993 and cost [[Hong Kong dollar|HK$]]240,000,000 (US$30,000,000) to build.

A second Mid-Levels escalator set is planned in [[Sai Ying Pun]]: the [[Centre Street (Hong Kong)|Centre Street Escalator Link]].{{citation needed|date=September 2018}}

==Rail transport==
{{Main|Rail transport in Hong Kong}}
[[File:Rush hour, Hong Kong MTR.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Inside an [[MTR]] train compartment during peak hours ]]
[[File:SP1900 E227.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A train at [[Tai Wai Station]] of the [[MTR]] [[East Rail Line]]]]
Hong Kong has an extensive railway network, and the Hong Kong Government has long established that the public transit system has "railway as its backbone". Public transport trains are operated by the [[MTR Corporation]]. The MTR operates the [[rapid transit|metro]] network within inner urban Hong Kong, [[Kowloon Peninsula]] and the northern part of [[Hong Kong Island]] with newly developed areas, [[Tsuen Wan]], [[Tseung Kwan O]], [[Tung Chung]], [[Hong Kong Disneyland]], the [[Hong Kong International Airport]], the northeastern and northwestern parts of the [[New Territories]]. The [[Hong Kong Tramways]] operates a tram service exclusively on northern [[Hong Kong Island]]. The [[Peak Tram]] connects [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]], Hong Kong's central business district, with [[Victoria Peak]].

===Mass Transit Railway===
{{Main|MTR}}
Opened in 1979, the system now includes 218.2&nbsp;km (135.6&nbsp;mi) of rail with 161 stations, including 93 railway [[List of Hong Kong MTR stations|stations]] and 68 [[Light Rail (MTR)|light rail]] stops. The railway lines include the [[East Rail Line|East Rail]], [[Kwun Tong Line|Kwun Tong]], [[Tsuen Wan Line|Tsuen Wan]], [[Island Line (MTR)|Island]], [[Tung Chung Line|Tung Chung]], [[Tseung Kwan O Line|Tseung Kwan O]], [[West Rail Line|West Rail]], [[Ma On Shan Line|Ma On Shan]], [[South Island Line|South Island]], the [[Airport Express (MTR)|Airport Express]] and the [[Disneyland Resort Line|Disneyland Resort]] lines. Nine of the lines provide general metro services, whereas the Airport Express provides a direct link from the [[Hong Kong International Airport]] into the city centre, and the Disneyland Resort Line exclusively takes passengers to and from [[Hong Kong Disneyland]].

The [[Light Rail (MTR)|Light Rail]] possesses many characteristics of a tramway, including running on streets with other traffic (at grade) on some of its tracks and providing services for the public in the northwestern [[New Territories]], including [[Tuen Mun]] and [[Yuen Long]].

All trains and most MTR stations are air-conditioned.

===Tramways===
[[File:HK Central-Tram Nos. 15, 13, 40 and 48.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[Hong Kong Tramways]]]]
{{Main|Hong Kong Tramways}}
The Hong Kong Tramways is the tram system run exclusively with [[double decker tram|double decker]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|edition=12th|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications|isbn=1-74059-843-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/hongkongmacau00fall/page/302 302]|last=Fallon|first=Stephen|title=Hong Kong & Macau|chapter=Tram|date=January 2006|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/hongkongmacau00fall/page/302}}</ref> The electric tram system was proposed in 1881;<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|isbn=1-84014-171-9|page=110|last=Dimitriou|first=Harry T.|author2=Alison H. S. Cook|title=Land-Use/Transport Planning in Hong Kong: The End of an Era: A Review of Principles and Practices|year=1998}}</ref> however nobody was willing to invest in a system at the time. In August 1901, the Second Tramway Bill was introduced and passed into law as the [[1902 Tramway Ordinance]]. Hong Kong Tramway Electric Company Limited, a British company, was authorised to take the responsibilities in construction and daily operation. In 1904, the tram system first got into service. It was soon taken over by another company, Electric Tranction Company of Hong Kong Limited and then the name was changed to Hong Kong Tramways Company Limited in 1910.

The rail system is {{convert|13|km|mi}} long,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bondada|first=Murthy V. A.|title=Urban Public Transportation Systems: Implementing Efficient Urban Transit Systems and Enhancing Transit Usage: Proceedings of the First International Conference: March&nbsp;21–25, 1999, Miami, Florida, USA|year=2000|publisher=American Society of Civil Engineers|isbn=0-7844-0498-4|page=240}}
</ref> with a total track length of {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}},<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cheng|first=Joseph Y. S.|author2=Yushuo Zheng, Hungyi Chen|title=Hong Kong in Transition|year=1986|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Hong Kong|isbn=0-19-584061-5|page=379}}</ref> and it runs together with other vehicles on the street. Its operation relies on the 550V [[direct current]] (d.c.) from the [[overhead cable]]s, on 3'6" gauge (1067&nbsp;mm) [[rail gauge|tracks]]. The trams provide service to only parts of [[Hong Kong Island]]: they run on a double track along the northern coast of [[Hong Kong Island]] from [[Kennedy Town]] to [[Shau Kei Wan]], with a single [[Clockwise and counterclockwise|clockwise]]-running track of about {{convert|3|km|mi}} around [[Happy Valley, Hong Kong|Happy Valley]] Racecourse.

===Funicular railways===
[[File:Hongkong peak tram.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[Peak Tram]] ]]
There are two [[funicular|funicular railway]] services in Hong Kong:

* The [[Peak Tram]] carries both tourists and residents to the upper levels of Hong Kong Island. It provides the most direct route to [[Victoria Peak]] and offers scenic views over [[Victoria Harbour]] and the skyscrapers of Hong Kong. It was inaugurated in 1888.
* The [[Ocean Express (funicular)|Ocean Express]] operates within the paid area of the [[Ocean Park Hong Kong|Ocean Park]] theme park. It links two parts of the park, operating entirely in a tunnel. The ride is themed, and uses multimedia effects to simulate the feeling of travelling into the depths of the sea. It was opened in 2009.

=== Airport people-mover system ===
[[File:Image-Hkaiport subway02.JPG|thumb|right|200px|On the platform of the [[Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover]] ]]
{{Main|Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover}}

The [[Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover]] is a driverless [[List of airport people mover systems|people-mover system]] located within the [[Hong Kong International Airport]] in [[Chek Lap Kok]]. It operates in two "segments". For departures, the train runs from Terminal 2 to the East Hall to the West Hall. For arrivals, the train runs only from the West Hall to the East Hall, where all passengers must disembark for immigration, customs, and baggage claim. Operation of the first segment commenced in 1998, and the operation of the second segment commenced in early-2007.

There is another system between the terminals. There is also a [[travellator]] which can be used.

=== Cross-border trains ===
[[Inter-city rail|Inter-city]] train services crossing the Hong Kong-China boundary are known as Intercity Through Trains. They are jointly operated by Hong Kong's [[MTR Corporation]] and [[China Railway High-speed]]. [[Hung Hom Station]] (formerly called ''Kowloon Station'') and [[West Kowloon Terminus]] are the stations in Hong Kong where passengers can catch these trains. With the exception of the XRL, passengers have to go through immigration and customs before boarding. There are currently four through train routes:

* Between Hong Kong and Beijing ([[Beijing-Kowloon Through Train]])
* Between Hong Kong and Shanghai ([[Shanghai-Kowloon Through Train]])
* Between Hong Kong and [[Guangzhou]] ([[Guangdong Through Train (MTR)|Guangzhou-Kowloon Through Train]])
* Between Hong Kong and Guangzhou ([[Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link]]) (XRL)

==Road transport==
===Buses===
[[File:DennistridentturboWG8584,60X.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A [[Low-floor bus|low-floor]] [[double-decker bus]] with wheelchair accessibility]]
{{Main|Bus services in Hong Kong}}
Bus services have [[History of bus transport in Hong Kong|a long history]] in Hong Kong. As of 2015, five companies operate franchised public [[bus]] services, each granted ten-year exclusive operating rights to the set of routes that they operate.<ref>http://www.td.gov.hk/en/publications_and_press_releases/press_releases/transport_department/index_t_id_2251.html</ref> Franchise buses altogether carry about one-third of the total daily public transport market of around 12,000,000 passengers, with [[Kowloon Motor Bus|KMB]] having 67% of the franchised bus market share, [[Citybus (Hong Kong)|CityBus]] with 16% and [[New World First Bus]] with 13%.<ref>[http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/sp140.jsp?productCode=B1010002 "Hong Kong Digest of Statistics"]</ref> There are also a variety of non-franchised public buses services, including feeder bus services to railway stations operated by the railway companies, and residents' services for residential estates (particularly those in the New Territories).

The five franchised bus companies are:
* [[Kowloon Motor Bus|Kowloon Motor Bus Company (1933) Limited]];
* [[Citybus (Hong Kong)|Citybus Limited]];
* [[Long Win Bus|Long Win Bus Company Limited]];
* [[New World First Bus|New World First Bus Services Limited]]; and
* [[New Lantao Bus|New Lantao Bus Company (1973) Limited]].

Founded in 1933, the Kowloon Motor Bus Company (1933) Limited (KMB) is one of the largest privately owned public [[bus]] operators in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sybase Success Story: Kowloon Motor Bus Company|accessdate=19 July 2009|date=21 April 2009|url=http://java.sys-con.com/node/929816}}</ref> KMB's fleet consist of about 3,900 buses on 400 routes and a staff of over 12,000 people. In 1979, [[Citybus (Hong Kong)|Citybus]] began its operations in Hong Kong with one double-decker, providing shuttle service for the Hong Kong dockyard. It later expanded into operating a residential bus route between City One, [[Shatin]] and [[Kowloon Tong Station|Kowloon Tong MTR station]]. New World First Bus Services Limited was established in 1998, taking over [[China Motor Bus]]'s franchise to provide bus services on [[Hong Kong Island]] together with Citybus. NWFB's owner company later bought Citybus, but the two companies have basically been operating independently.

===Public light buses===
[[File:WG5504 04-08-2019.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Green minibus]]
{{Main|Public light bus}}
Public light buses (小巴) (widely referred to as [[minibus]]es, or sometimes ''maxicabs'', a ''de facto'' [[share taxi]]) run the length and breadth of Hong Kong, through areas which the standard bus lines can not or do not reach as frequently, quickly or directly. Minibuses carry a maximum of 16 (19 for some routes since 2017) passengers; standing is not permitted.

The [[Transport Department (Hong Kong)|Hong Kong Transport Department]] (HKTD) allows and licenses the operation of two types of public light buses:
# green minibuses that have route numbers, stop at designated stops (many routes have [[hail and ride]] sections along which passengers can board and exit anywhere unless it is a [[clearway|no-stopping zone]]) and which have their fares, service and frequency regulated by the HKTD; and
# red minibuses that may or may not have regular routes, may or may not be numbered, may or may not have fixed stops and whose fares and service levels are not regulated by HKTD.<ref name=hktdplbp>[http://www.td.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_275/plbpolicy.doc HKTD Public Light Bus Policy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104192728/http://www.td.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_275/plbpolicy.doc |date=4 January 2007 }}. Retrieved 11 December 2006</ref>

Red minibuses often provide more convenient transport for passengers not served by green minibuses or other public buses, and are thus quite popular. Where green minibus drivers are paid fixed wages to drive their routes, red minibus drivers often rely on their fares for a living and thus are often seen to be more aggressive drivers. The prevalence of aggressive driving has resulted in the Transport Department making it mandatory for Hong Kong minibuses to be equipped with large read-out speedometers which allow passengers to track the speed at which minibus drivers operate. Currently, if minibuses exceed 80&nbsp;km/h, the speedometer will sound an audible warning signal to the driver and passengers. If the minibus exceeds 100&nbsp;km/h, the beeping will turn into a sustained tone.

The Transport Department has also regulated, after a series of minibus accidents, that all new minibuses brought into service after August 2005 must have seat belts installed, and passengers must use seat belts when they are provided.

===Taxis===
[[File:HK Toyota Comfort Red Taxi.jpg|thumb|200px|Red taxis serve urban areas]]
{{Main|Taxicabs of Hong Kong}}

{{As of|2016|March}}, there were 18,138 taxis in Hong Kong, operating in three distinct (but slightly overlapping) geographical areas, and distinguished by their colour. Of these, 15,250 are red urban taxis, 2,838 green [[New Territories]] taxis, and 50 blue [[Lantau Island|Lantau]] taxis.<ref>{{Citation| title = Hong Kong: The Facts – Transport|accessdate =30 March 2018|date = May 2016|url =http://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/transport.pdf}}</ref> Every day, they serve 1,100,000, 207,900, and 1,400 passengers respectively. Taxis carry an average of 1,000,000 passengers each day, occupying about 12% of the daily patronage carried by all modes of public transport in Hong Kong.

Most of the taxis in Hong Kong run on [[autogas|LPG]] (liquified petroleum gas) to reduce emissions. In August 2000, a one-off grant was paid in cash to taxi owners who replaced their diesel taxi with an LPG one. Since August 2001, all newly purchased taxis run on LPG. By the end of 2003, over 99.8% of the taxi fleet in Hong Kong ran on LPG.<ref>{{Cite book
| publisher=Chinese University Press
| isbn = 962-996-357-4
| last = Yeung
| first = Yue-man
| title = The First Decade: The Hong Kong SAR in Retrospective and Introspective Perspectives
| year = 2008
| page = 340
}}</ref>

Taxi fares are charged according to the taximeter; however, additional charges on the fare table may apply, such as road tolls and luggage fees. Urban taxis are the most expensive, while Lantau taxis are the cheapest. The standard of service among different kinds of taxis is mostly the same. The reason for having three types of taxis is to ensure service availability in less populated regions, as running in the urban centre is considered to be more profitable.

===Private cars===
As of May 2015, the Census and Statistics Department of Hong Kong reports that there are 504,798 licensed vehicles in Hong Kong.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B10100022015MM06B0100.pdf|title=Transport, Communications and Tourism|publisher=Census and Statistics Department|accessdate=June 2015}}</ref> In terms of private car ownership, the number of cars per capita is half that of [[Singapore]] and one-third that of [[Taiwan]]. However, the Transport Advisory Committee, which advises the government on transport policies, issued a report stating that the growth of private cars is too fast and must be contained so as to alleviate congestion problems of Hong Kong.<ref name="thb.gov.hk"/> Private cars are most popular in newly developed areas such as [[New Territories]] and [[Lantau]] and areas near the border with mainland China, as there are fewer public transportation options, and more parking spaces compared to other areas of Hong Kong.

Most cars are [[right-hand drive]] models, from Japanese or European manufacturers. Almost all private vehicles in Hong Kong have dual airbags and are tested by JNCAP. Vehicles must also be maintained to a high standard, contrary to mainland China regulations. Hong Kong does not allow left-hand drive vehicles to be primarily registered in Hong Kong. However, Hong Kong registered vehicles may apply for secondary [[mainland China|mainland Chinese]] registration plates, and these can be driven across the border to mainland China; likewise, left-hand drive cars seen in Hong Kong are usually primarily registered in mainland China and carry supplementary Hong Kong registration plates.

Cars are subjected to a first-time registration tax, which varies from 35% to over 100%, based on the size and value of the car. The level of vehicle taxation was increased by a law passed on 2 June 1982 to discourage private car ownership,<ref>[http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/newspaper/view/16_01.03/63037.pdf Legco doubts on car curbs], South China Morning Post, 3 June 1982</ref> and also as an incentive to buy smaller, more efficient cars, as these have less tax levied on them. First-time registration tax was doubled, annual licensing fees were increased by 300%, and $0.70 duty fee was imposed on each litre of light oils.<ref>Michael Chugani, [http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/newspaper/view/16_01.01/62742.pdf Legco doubts on car curbs], South China Morning Post, 20 May 1982</ref>

In addition to the heavy traffic at times, parking may be problematic. Due to high [[urban density]], there are not many [[filling station]]s; petrol in Hong Kong averages around US$2.04 per litre, of which over half the cost is taxes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Caltex Singapore – Why do prices rise and fall?|work=Caltex|accessdate=20 July 2009|url=http://www.caltex.com/pumpprices/whydoPricesRiseAndFall.asp}}</ref> It was suggested in the news that the government had deliberately impeded the use of new environmentally friendly diesel engines by allowing only light goods vehicles to be fuelled by diesel. While it cannot be determined why exactly the government does not allow private cars to be fuelled by diesel, it has been pointed out that the government does receive a tax that is 150% of the actual fuel cost. This is mostly to discourage car ownership for environmental reasons.<ref>Mottershead, Terri. [2004] (2004). Sustainable Development in Hong Kong. HK University. {{ISBN|962-209-491-0}}</ref>

There is a waiting list for local driving tests, while a full (private car) driving licence valid for ten years costs around US$115. Residents of Hong Kong holding licences issued by other Chinese authorities and some foreign countries can get a Hong Kong driving licence exempt from tests if they can adequately show that they obtained their licence while residing in the place concerned (common proofs are school transcripts or employer's documentation). Some private car owners, known as [[White card (taxi)|white card]] drivers, provide a taxi service for a nominal fee.

===Bicycles===
[[File:Kam Sheung Road Outside View1 201107.jpg|thumb|Bicycle parking at Kam Sheung Road Station]]
{{main|Cycling in Hong Kong}}
Cycling is a popular means of transport in many parts of the [[New Territories]], where new towns such as [[Shatin]], [[Tai Po]] and [[Sheung Shui]] have significant [[Cycleways in Hong Kong|cycle track networks]]. In the auto congested urban areas of [[Hong Kong Island|Hong Kong]] and [[Kowloon]], cycling is less common, despite the relatively flat topography of populated areas, in part because it is government policy<ref name="test">[http://hkcyclingalliance.org/who-are-we/what-do-we-do HK Cycling Alliance]</ref> not to support cycling as part of the transportation system. In 2011, [[MTR Corporation]] announced that bicycles were permitted to be taken on all [[MTR]] rail lines.<ref name="trains">[http://hkcyclingalliance.org/getting-around-hk/trains MTR Announce Bicycles permitted on all lines]</ref>

===Motorcycles===
Motorcycles by the private users in Hong Kong urban districts are not as popular as in South East Asian countries like [[Vietnam]]. They are mostly used for commercial and business purposes.

===Cross-border buses===
A large number of buses leave various parts of Hong Kong (usually from side streets and hotel entrances) to various cities in the Pearl River Delta, Shenzhen and [[Guangzhou]].

==Maritime transport==
===Ferries===
====Internal routes====
[[File:Starferryrat.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A [[Star Ferry]] carries passengers across [[Victoria Harbour]]. This particular one is painted with an advertisement that promotes Hong Kong as [[Brand Hong Kong|Asia's World City]]. ]]
[[File:Tsim Sha Tsui Ferry Pier.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Tsim Sha Tsui Ferry Pier|Tsim Sha Tsui Pier]], a pier for [[Star Ferry]] services]]
[[File:Central Pier Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[Star Ferry Pier, Central|Star Ferry Pier]] in [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]] ]]

Most ferry services are provided by licensed ferry operators. {{As of|2003|alt=As of September 2003}}, there were 27 regular licensed passenger ferry services operated by 11 licensees, serving [[Islands of Hong Kong|outlying islands]], new towns and inner-[[Victoria Harbour]]. Two of the routes operated by the [[Star Ferry]] are franchised. Additionally, 78 "[[kai-to]]" ferries are licensed to serve remote coastal settlements.

The following companies operate ferry services in Hong Kong:

'''[[Star Ferry]]''':
* [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]] to [[Tsim Sha Tsui]]
* [[Wan Chai]] to [[Tsim Sha Tsui]]
* Harbour Tour (Circular between [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]], [[Wan Chai]], and [[Hung Hom]])

'''[[New World First Ferry]]''':
* [[Central and Western district|Central]] to [[Cheung Chau]] 
*[[Central and Western district|Central]] to [[Mui Wo]]
* [[Peng Chau]], [[Mui Wo]], [[Chi Ma Wan]], and [[Cheung Chau]]
* [[North Point]] to [[Hung Hom]]
* [[North Point]] to [[Kowloon City]]

'''[[Hong Kong & Kowloon Ferry]]''':
* [[Lamma Island]] to [[Central and Western district|Central]]
* [[Central and Western district|Central]] to [[Peng Chau]]
* [[Peng Chau]] to [[Hei Ling Chau]]

'''[[Chuen Kee Ferry]]''':
* [[Lamma Island]](Sok Kwu Wan and Mo Tat) to [[Aberdeen, Hong Kong|Aberdeen]]

'''[[HKR International Limited]]''':
* [[Discovery Bay Transportation Services]] – [[Discovery Bay]] to [[Central and Western district|Central]]

'''[[Park Island Transport Company Ltd.]]''':
* [[Ma Wan]] to [[Central and Western district|Central]]
* [[Ma Wan]] to [[Tsuen Wan]]

'''Fortune Ferry''' (富裕小輪)
* [[North Point]] to [[Kwun Tong]]
* [[Tuen Mun]] to [[Tai O]] (via Tung Chung, Sha Lo Wan)
* [[Central and Western district|Central]] to [[Hung Hom]]

'''Coral Sea Ferry''' (珊瑚海船務)
* [[Sai Wan Ho]] to [[Kwun Tong]]
* [[Sai Wan Ho]] to [[Lei Yue Mun]] (Sam Ka Tsuen)

'''[[Tsui Wah Ferry]]''':
* [[Lamma Island]] (Yung Chue Wan) to [[Aberdeen, Hong Kong|Aberdeen]] (Via: Pak Kok Tsuen)
* [[Po Toi]] to [[Stanley, Hong Kong|Stanley]] / [[Aberdeen, Hong Kong|Aberdeen]]
* Commuting routes for [[Tolo Harbour]], [[Grass Island, Hong Kong|Grass Island]] (known as:Tap Mun) and [[Long Harbour (Hong Kong)|Long Harbour]] (known as: Tai Tan Hoi)

====External routes====
[[File:Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Hong Kong|Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]] in [[Sheung Wan]]]]

In Hong Kong, there are three piers that provides ferry services to [[Macau]] and cities in [[northern and southern China|southern China]]:
* The [[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Hong Kong|Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]]
* The [[Hong Kong China Ferry Terminal|Hong Kong-China Ferry Terminal]]
* The [[Skypier]] (For Transitting Only)
Ferry services are provided by several different ferry companies at these piers.

Fastferry [[hydrofoil]] and [[catamaran]] service is available at all times of the week between Hong Kong and [[Macau]].

[[TurboJet (company)|TurboJet]] provides 24-hour services connecting Central and Macau at a frequency of up to every 15 to 30 minutes. It also provides these regular services:
* [[Hong Kong International Airport]] to [[Baoan International Airport|Shenzhen Airport]] / [[Macau]] / [[Guangzhou]] (Nansha Ferry Port)
* Tsim Sha Tsui to Guangzhou
* Macau to Shenzhen Airport / Guangzhou
* Tsim Sha Tsui to Macau

[[Cotai Water Jet]] provides about 18-hour services connecting Central and Taipa or Outer Harbour, Macau at a frequency of up to every 30 to 60 minutes. It also provides these regular services:
* [[Hong Kong International Airport]] to [[Macau]]
* Tsim Sha Tsui to Macau

[[Chu Kong Passenger Transport]] (CKS) connects Hong Kong to cities in [[Guangdong]] province, including [[Zhuhai]] ([[Jiuzhou Port|Jiuzhou]]), [[Shenzhen]] ([[Shekou Industrial Zone|Shekou]]), [[Zhongshan]] ([[Zhongshan Kong]]), [[Lianhua Shan]] ([[Panyu]]), [[Jiangmen]], [[Gongyi (Guangdong)|Gongyi]], [[Sanbu]], [[Gaoming]], [[Heshan, Guangdong|Heshan]], [[Humen Town|Humen]], [[Nanhai District|Nanhai]], [[Shunde]], [[Doumen District|Doumen]].

==Public transport statistics==
The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Hong Kong, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 73 min. 21% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 14 min, while 19% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 11.2&nbsp;km, while 31% travel for over 12&nbsp;km in a single direction.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Public Transportation Statistics|publisher= Global Public Transit Index by Moovit |url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_China_Hong_Kong-2741 |accessdate=19 June 2017}} [[File:CC BY icon.svg|50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].</ref>

==Air transport==
=== Aeroplanes ===
[[File:A bird's eye view of Hong Kong International Airport.JPG|thumb|Aerial view of the airport island in 2010]]
[[File:Boeing 747-467, Cathay Pacific Airways JP10362.jpg|thumb|An aerial view of Kai Tak Airport on July 7, 1998, the morning after its closure.]]

[[Hong Kong International Airport]] (HKG) is the primary airport for the territory and has been at Chep Lap Kok since 1998. Over 100 airlines operate flights to international and Mainland China destinations from the airport; it is the main hub of [[flag carrier]] [[Cathay Pacific]] as well as [[Air Hong Kong]] and [[Hong Kong Airlines]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hongkongairport.com/eng/business/about-the-airport/welcome.html |title=Welcome to Hong Kong International Airport |publisher=Airport Authority Hong Kong |accessdate=20 November 2017}}</ref> HKG is an important regional [[transhipment]] centre, passenger hub, and gateway for destinations in mainland China and the rest of Asia. It also handles [[List of busiest airports by cargo traffic|the most air cargo traffic in the world]].<ref>{{harvnb|NY/NJ Port Authority Airport Traffic|2017|p=58}}.</ref> With over 70 million passengers annually, it is the [[List of busiest airports by passenger traffic|eighth busiest airport worldwide by passenger traffic]].<ref>{{harvnb|NY/NJ Port Authority Airport Traffic|2017|p=32}}.</ref> HKG is constructed on an artificial island north of Lantau Island and was built to replace the overcrowded [[Kai Tak Airport]] in [[Kowloon Bay]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Landler |first=Mark |date=6 July 1998 |title=A 6-Hour Move, and Landing in Hong Kong Loses a Thrill |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/06/world/a-6-hour-move-and-landing-in-hong-kong-loses-a-thrill.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York |access-date=1 March 2018}}</ref> A third runway is also being constructed for the airport.

Ferry services link Hong Kong and [[Macau International Airport]]; there is an express service at the [[Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal]] in which passengers can check in to flights at Macau Airport. Macau Airport has an "Express Link" service operating from the Hong Kong-Macau terminal, [[Hong Kong China Ferry Terminal|China Ferry Terminal]], and [[Tuen Mun Ferry Terminal]] in which transiting passengers to Macau Airport are not processed through Macau customs.<ref>"[http://www.macau-airport.com/en/transportation/express-link-service Express Link Service]." [[Macau International Airport]]. Retrieved 9 May 2018. "The Express Link Check-In Counter at Hong Kong Shun Tak Ferry Terminal" and "Service is available at the following ferry terminals: •HK Macau Ferry Terminal (G02 Shun Tak Centre) •China Ferry Terminal, Kowloon •Tuen Mun Ferry Terminal (TurboJET Service Counter, G/F)"</ref> In addition there is a bus service between Hong Kong and [[Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport]] in [[Shenzhen]],<ref>"[http://eng.szairport.com/szairportyw/dbyw/jcjt_lwga.shtml HK and Macau Traffic > Bus ]." [[Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport]]. Retrieved 9 May 2018.</ref> and people going to Shenzhen Airport may also board a ferry that goes to [[Fuyong Ferry Terminal]] at Shenzhen Airport.<ref>"[http://eng.szairport.com/szairportyw/kcyw/jcjt_lwga.shtml Passenger Ship]." [[Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport]]. Retrieved 9 May 2018.</ref>

The majority of area private recreational aviation traffic, under the supervision of the [[Hong Kong Aviation Club]] (HKAC), goes in and out of [[Shek Kong Airfield]] in the New Territories.<ref>{{cite web|author=Mola, Roger A.|url=https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/last-stand-at-kai-tak-4343836/|title=Last Stand at Kai Tak|work=[[Airspace Magazine]]|date=September 2003|accessdate=2018-04-21|quote=Because Chek Lap Kok is closed to most private pilots, the club now operates its six Cessnas and an aerobatic Slingsby Firefly from nearby Shek Kong military airfield, but only on weekends, and always subject to the goodwill of the People’s Liberation Army.}}</ref><ref name=Thrill>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/718191/high-flyers-have-licence-thrill|title=High-flyers have licence to thrill|newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=2010-06-26|accessdate=2018-04-21|quote=For anyone who has ever dreamt of flying, the first step to getting your wings is to join the Hong Kong Aviation Club (HKAC), the city's only flight training centre.[...]The Shek Kong Airfield is used by the People's Liberation Army during the week, with permission given to the club to use it during weekends.}}</ref> The HKAC sent most of its aircraft to Shek Kong in 1994 after the hours for general aviation at Kai Tak Airport were sharply reduced, to two hours per morning, as of 1 July that year.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.scmp.com/article/85610/aviation-club-takes-sek-kong |title= Aviation club takes off for Sek Kong |work= [[South China Morning Post]] |date= 1994-08-22 |accessdate= 2018-04-18}}</ref> Usage of private aircraft at Shek Kong is restricted to weekends.<ref name=Thrill/>

===Helicopters===
Externally, frequent passenger helicopter flights to [[Macau]] are scheduled daily. There are also chartered services for the VIP and business community within Hong Kong.

==Aerial lift transport==
===Cable cars===
[[File:Cable Car Ocean Park.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Gondola lift]] system in [[Ocean Park, Hong Kong|Ocean Park]]]]
There are two [[Aerial lift|cable car]] systems in Hong Kong:

* The [[Ngong Ping Cable Car]] is a {{convert|5.7|km}} public cableway on [[Lantau Island]]. It links [[Tung Chung (MTR)|Tung Chung]] [[MTR]] station and [[Ngong Ping]] Terminal near [[Po Lin Monastery]]. It was opened on 18 September 2006.
* The [[Ocean Park, Hong Kong|Ocean Park]] theme park also possesses a {{convert|1.5|km}} cable car system between [[Nam Long Shan]] Headland and [[Wong Chuk Hang]]. This was opened in 1977 and is inside the paid area of the Park.

==Infrastructure==
===Ports and harbours===
[[File:Container Port Road South.jpg|thumb|200px| [[Kwai Tsing Container Terminals]] ]]
{{Main|Port of Hong Kong|Victoria Harbour}}

The port of Hong Kong has always been a key factor in the development and prosperity of the territory, which is strategically located on the Far East trade routes and is in the geographical centre of the fast-developing Asia-Pacific Basin. The sheltered harbour provides good access and a safe haven for vessels calling at the port from around the world.

The [[Victoria Harbour]] is one of the busiest ports in the world.<ref>{{Cite web| last = Fischer| first = Umbert| title = Victoria Harbour Hong Kong, the world's most busy sea port| work=Excelloz.com| accessdate =26 June 2009| date = 6 October 2006| url = http://www.excelloz.com/Travel_guide/Hong_Kong_City/Victoria_Harbour_Hong_Kong.html}}</ref> An average of 220,000 ships visit the harbour each year, including both oceanliners and river vessels, carrying both goods and passengers. The [[Port of Hong Kong|container port in Hong Kong]] is one of the busiest in the world.<ref>{{Cite book|author=L. Hau Lee, Chung-Yee Lee|title=Building supply chain excellence in emerging economies|url=https://archive.org/details/buildingsupplych00kouv|url-access=limited|year=2007|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=0-387-38428-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/buildingsupplych00kouv/page/n214 204]}}</ref> The [[Kwai Chung]] Terminal operates 24 hours a day. Together with other facilities in Victoria Harbour, they handled more than {{TEU|20&nbsp;million|first=yes}} in 2005.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stopford|first=Martin|title=Maritime Economics E3| date=February 2009 |edition=3rd|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-27558-3|page=560}}</ref> Some 400 container liners serve Hong Kong weekly, connecting to over 500 destinations around the world.

===Airports===
[[File:Hong Kong Kai Tak Airport 1971.jpg|thumb|right| Kai Tak airport]]
[[File:Hong Kong International Airport.jpg|thumb|200px|Inside the newer [[Hong Kong International Airport]]]]

{{Main|Hong Kong International Airport|List of airports in Hong Kong}}
Hong Kong has a fully active international airport. The famous former [[Kai Tak International Airport]] retired in favour of the recently constructed [[Hong Kong International Airport]], also known as Chek Lap Kok International Airport. The airport now serves as a transport hub for East Asia, and as the hub for [[Cathay Pacific]], [[Hong Kong Express]], [[Hong Kong Airlines]] (former CR Airways), and [[Air Hong Kong]]. Ferry services link the airport with several [[pier]]s in [[Pearl River Delta]], where immigrations and customs are exempted. Kai Tak airport was closed because of privacy reasons and also because of safety reasons; the aircraft came very close to the skyscrapers. Besides, the runway was surrounded by water.

HKIA's network to China is also expanded by the opening of SkyPier in late-September 2003, offering millions in the PRD direct access to the airport. Passengers coming to SkyPier by high-speed ferries can board buses for onward flights while arriving air passengers can board ferries at the pier for their journeys back to the PRD. Passengers travelling in both directions can bypass custom and immigration formalities, which reduces transit time. Four ports – Shekou, Shenzhen, Macau and Humen (Dongguan) – were initially served. As of August 2007, SkyPier serves Shenzhen's Shekou and Fuyong, Dongguan's Humen, Macau, Zhongshan and Zhuhai. Moreover, passengers travelling from Shekou and Macau piers can even complete airline check-in procedures with participating airlines before boarding the ferries and go straight to the boarding gate for the connecting flight at HKIA. The provision of cross boundary coach and ferry services has transformed HKIA into an inter-modal transportation hub combining air, sea and land transport.

{{As of|2009|March}}, the airport is the third busiest airport for passenger traffic,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Year to date Passenger Traffic – March 2009|work=Airports Council International|accessdate=20 July 2009|date=12 June 2009|url=http://www.airports.org/cda/aci_common/display/main/aci_content07_c.jsp?zn=aci&cp=1-5-212-219-227_666_2__}}</ref> and second-busiest airport for cargo traffic in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Year to date Cargo Traffic – March 2009|work=Airports Council International|accessdate=20 July 2009|date=12 June 2009|url=http://www.airports.org/cda/aci_common/display/main/aci_content07_c.jsp?zn=aci&cp=1-5-212-219-227_666_2__}}</ref> It is popular with travellers – from 2001 to 2005 and 2007–2008 Hong Kong International Airport has been voted the World's Best Airport in an annual survey of several million passengers worldwide by [[Skytrax]].

According to the [[Guinness Book of World Records|Guinness World Records]], the [[Airport terminal|passenger terminal]] of the HKIA was the world's largest airport terminal upon opening, and is at present the world's third-largest airport terminal building, with a covered area of 550,000 m<sup>2</sup> and recently increased to 570,000 m<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 'dragon' unveiled: Beijing's T3 starts operations|work=Beijing 2008 Olympic Games|accessdate=28 July 2009|date=28 February 2008|url=http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/olympiccities/beijing/n214259388.shtml|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911114757/http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/olympiccities/beijing/n214259388.shtml|archivedate=11 September 2011}}</ref> The [[Airport Core Programme]] was the most expensive airport project in the world.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=962-209-847-9|page=169|last=Owen|first=Bernie|author2=Raynor Shaw|title=Hong Kong Landscapes: Shaping the Barren Rock|location=Hong Kong|year=2008}}</ref>

[[Shek Kong Airfield]], located near [[Yuen Long]], is a military [[airfield]] for the [[People's Liberation Army]], which is of limited operating capabilities due to surrounding terrain. The only aircraft operating on the airfield are PLA's [[Eurocopter Dauphin|Z-9]] helicopters, which is the license-built version of the Eurocopter Dauphin.

===Heliports===
{{Main|List of airports in Hong Kong#Heliports|l1=List of heliports in Hong Kong}}
[[File:HK Sheung Wan Shun Tak Centre HK-Macau Ferry Terminal Heliport.JPG|thumb|right|200px| Heliport at the [[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Hong Kong|Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]]]]
Hong Kong has three [[heliports]]. [[Shun Tak Heliport]] (ICAO: VHST) is located in the [[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Hong Kong|Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]], by the [[Shun Tak Centre]], in [[Sheung Wan]], on [[Hong Kong Island]]. Another is located in southwest Kowloon, near [[Kowloon (MTR)|Kowloon Station]]. The other is located inside [[Hong Kong International Airport]].

[[Heli Express]] operates regular [[helicopter]] service between [[Macao Heliport]] (ICAO:VMMH) on the [[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Macau|Macau Ferry Terminal]] in Macau and the Shun Tak Heliport. There are around 16 flights daily. Flights take approximately 20 minutes in the eight-seater aircraft.

There are also a number of [[helipad]]s across the territory, including the roof of the [[The Peninsula Hong Kong|Peninsula Hotel]] (which is the only rooftop helipad in Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, excluding the rooftop heliport of Shun Tak Centre and those in hospitals) and [[Cheung Chau|Cheung Chau Island]], between [[Beaches of Hong Kong|Tung Wan Beach]] and [[Kwun Yam Beach]].

===Highways===
{{see|List of streets and roads in Hong Kong|Hong Kong Strategic Route and Exit Number System}}
[[File:HK Cross Harbour Tunnel.jpg|thumb|200px|The entrance of the [[Cross-Harbour Tunnel]], which is part of [[Route 1 (Hong Kong)|Route 1]], in [[Hung Hom]], [[Kowloon]] ]]
[[File:Eastern Harbour Tunnel.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[Eastern Harbour Tunnel]] is the second under-water tunnel across [[Victoria Harbour]], and is part of [[Route 2 (Hong Kong)|Route 2]].]]
[[File:Tsing Ma Bridge (1).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Tsing Ma Bridge]], part of [[Route 8 (Hong Kong)|Route 8]], is [[List of longest suspension bridges|the world's longest rail and road]] [[suspension bridge]]s.]]
[[File:Kap Shui Mun Bridge 1.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Kap Shui Mun Bridge]] is a [[cable-stayed bridge]] connecting [[Ma Wan]] and [[Lantau Island]], and is also part of [[Route 8 (Hong Kong)|Route 8]].]]

There are a total of 1,831&nbsp;km of paved highways in Hong Kong. These roads are built to British standards with a maximum of four lanes with hard shoulders.

There are nine roads classified as highways in Hong Kong and were renumbered from 1 to 9 in 2004. Routes 1 to 3 are in a north–south direction (with each crossing one of the cross-harbour tunnels) while the others are in an east–west direction:

*[[Route 1 (Hong Kong)|Route 1]]:
::Southern District ⇄ Causeway Bay ⇄ Tsim Sha Tsui ⇄ Mong Kok ⇄ Sha Tin
*[[Route 2 (Hong Kong)|Route 2]]:
::Eastern District ⇄ Kwun Tong ⇄ Wong Tai Sin ⇄ Sha Tin
*[[Route 3 (Hong Kong)|Route 3]]:
::Central & Western District ⇄ Tai Kok Tsui ⇄ Sham Shui Po ⇄ Kwai Tsing ⇄ Tsuen Wan ⇄ Yuen Long
*[[Route 4 (Hong Kong)|Route 4]]:
::Eastern District ⇄ Causeway Bay ⇄ Wan Chai ⇄ Central & Western District
*[[Route 5 (Hong Kong)|Route 5]]:
::Kowloon City ⇄ Wong Tai Sin ⇄ Sham Shui Po ⇄ Kwai Tsing ⇄ Tsuen Wan
*[[Route 7 (Hong Kong)|Route 7]]:
::Tseung Kwan O ⇄ Kwun Tong ⇄ Wong Tai Sin ⇄ Sham Shui Po ⇄ Kwai Tsing
*[[Route 8 (Hong Kong)|Route 8]]:
::Sha Tin <> Kwai Tsing ⇄ Lantau Island North ⇄ Tung Chung ⇄ Airport
*[[Route 9 (Hong Kong)|Route 9]]:
::Circular Route linking the whole New Territories (Sha Tin, Tai Po, Northern District, Yuen Long, Tuen Mun, Tsuen Wan)
*[[Route 10 (Hong Kong)|Route 10]]:
::Tuen Mun ⇄ Nam Tei (Divided from Route 9) ⇄ Ha Tsuen ⇄ Deep Bay ⇄ Shenzhen Bay Bridge ⇄ Shenzhen Bay Border Crossing ⇄ Mainland China

[[Route 6 (Hong Kong)|Route 6]] is a proposed highway, and is now under construction.

There are 120 [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] cameras monitoring traffic on these highways and connecting roads which are available on-demand ([[Now TV (Hong Kong TV channel)|Now TV]]) and on the Transport Department's website.

Highways in Hong Kong use two types of barrier system for divided highways. Older roads use metal guard rails and newer roads use the British [[Concrete step barrier]].

All signage on highways and roads in Hong Kong are bilingual (traditional Chinese below and English above). Street signs use black text on a white background. Highway and directional signage are white lettering on blue or green background.

===Bridges and tunnels===
{{Main|Tunnels and bridges in Hong Kong}}

There are 12 major vehicular tunnels in Hong Kong. They include three cross-harbour tunnels and nine road tunnels.

Other road tunnels and bridges which are proposed or under construction are:

* [[Central Kowloon Route]]
* [[Cross Bay Link]]
* Tseung Kwan O – Lam Tin Tunnel
* Trunk Road T2
* [[Tuen Mun–Chek Lap Kok Link]] (under construction)

===Bus lanes===
[[File:HK Wan Chai North Walkway Gloucester Road Fortis Bank Tower Beijing 2008 a.jpg|thumb|200px|A [[bus lane]] on [[Gloucester Road, Hong Kong|Gloucester Road]] in [[Wan Chai]], with the words "bus lane" painted in English and "巴士綫" in Chinese]]
There are approximately 22&nbsp;km of [[bus lane|bus priority lanes]] in Hong Kong.

===Bus termini===
There are 298 bus termini in Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201812/12/P2018121200219.htm|title=立法會十七題：為專營巴士公司員工提供配套設施|publisher=Government of Hong Kong|access-date=2020-03-09}}</ref> Notable examples include:
* [[Admiralty (East) Public Transport Interchange]]
* [[Central (Macau Ferry) Bus Terminus]]
* [[Pokfield Road Bus Terminus]]
* [[Kwun Tong Ferry Bus Terminus]]
* [[Central (Exchange Square) Bus Terminus]]

===Pedestrian infrastructure===
Pedestrian infrastructure in Hong Kong includes:
* [[Central Elevated Walkway]]
* [[Lek Yuen Bridge]]

==Ports of entry==
This is a list of [[port of entry|ports of entry]] (i.e. immigration control points) in Hong Kong.
[[File:Entrance to Shenzhen Bay Port Passenger Terminal.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The entrance to the building of the [[Shenzhen Bay Control Point]] ]]
[[File:Ocean Terminal with cruise 2008.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[Cruise ship|cruise-ship]] pier at [[Ocean Terminal (Hong Kong)|Ocean Terminal]] is also a port of entry to Hong Kong. ]]
*Air
**[[Hong Kong International Airport]]
**[[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal, Hong Kong|Heliport at the Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]]
*Land
**[[Lo Wu Control Point]]
**[[Lok Ma Chau Control Point]]
**[[Lok Ma Chau Spur Line]]
**[[Man Kam To Control Point]]
**[[Sha Tau Kok Control Point]]
**[[Shenzhen Bay Control Point]]
*Railway
**[[Hung Hom Station|Hung Hom Terminus]] (also called Kowloon Terminus)
**[[West Kowloon Terminus]] 
*Sea
**[[Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Hong Kong|Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Terminal]]
** [[Hong Kong China Ferry Terminal|Hong Kong-China Ferry Terminal]]
**[[Ocean Terminal (Hong Kong)|Ocean Terminal]]
**[[Kai Tak Cruise Terminal]]
**[[Tuen Mun Ferry Pier]] 
**[[Western Immigration Anchorage]]
**[[Eastern Immigration Anchorage]]
** [[Tuen Mun Immigration Anchorage]]

==See also==
{{Portal bar|Hong Kong|Transport}}
{{Div col|colwidth=17em}}
* [[Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong|Hong Kong car number plates]]
* [[Hong Kong Link]]
* [[Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge]]
* [[List of airports in Hong Kong|List of airports and heliports in Hong Kong]]
* [[List of places in Hong Kong]]
* [[List of streets and roads in Hong Kong]]
* [[Victoria Harbour crossings]]
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|29em}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060427013729/http://www.hkpri.org.hk/bulletin/5/l-h-wang.html Wang L H, "In Search of a Sustainable Transport Development Strategy for Hong Kong"]
*[http://www.hyd.gov.hk Hong Kong Highways Department]
*[http://www.td.gov.hk Hong Kong Transport Department]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20031230215117/http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/eng/statliteracy/etimes/et030929.htm Vehicular tunnels in Hong Kong]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061107041853/http://www.eebus.com/interbus.asp E & E Bus]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080930152927/http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistics_by_subject/index.jsp?subjectID=10&charsetID=1&displayMode=T Transport Statistics] – Census and Statistics Department

{{Hong Kong topics}}
{{Transport in Hong Kong}}
{{Asia topic|Transport in}}
{{Eastern Pearl River Delta transit}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Hong Kong}}
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[[Category:Transport in Hong Kong| ]]
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