Quelltext der Seite Schachweltmeisterschaft der Frauen 1978

Bei der '''Schachweltmeisterschaft der Frauen 1978''' endete nach 16 Jahren die Vorherrschaft der Georgierin [[Nona Gaprindaschwili]]. Sie unterlag im WM-Match der ebenfalls aus [[Georgien]] stammenden [[Maia Tschiburdanidse]].

== Interzonenturniere ==
Erstmals waren zwei Interzonenturniere mit 14 bzw. 12 Teilnehmerinnen vorgesehen, die sich zuvor im regionalen Maßstab bei Zonenturnieren qualifiziert hatten. Aus jedem dieser Turniere erreichten drei Spielerinnen die Kandidatenwettkämpfe.
{{Hauptartikel|Interzonenturnier Tiflis 1976}}
{{Hauptartikel|Interzonenturnier Roosendaal 1976}}

== Kandidatenturnier ==
Das [[Kandidatenturnier]] wurde erstmals mit acht Spielerinnen ausgetragen und also um ein Viertelfinale erweitert. Zu den sechs Qualifikantinnen aus den Interzonenturnieren kamen mit [[Nana Alexandria]] und [[Irina Levitina]] die beiden Kandidaten-Finalistinnen des vorigen WM-Zyklus hinzu.

;Viertelfinale Lematschko – Achmilowskaja, Mai / Juni 1977 in [[Sofia]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{BGR-1971|Tatjana Lematschko|Tatjana Lematschko}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 5½
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Elena Donaldson-Akhmilovskaya|Jelena Achmilowskaja}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ || 6½
|}
;Viertelfinale Levitina – Kuschnir, Mai / Juni 1977 in [[Dortmund]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Irina Levitina|Irina Levitina}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||  3
|-
| align=left | {{ISR|Alla Kuschnir|Alla Kuschnir}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || 6
|}
;Viertelfinale Koslowskaja – Fatalibekowa, April / Mai 1977 in [[Sotschi]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Walentina Jakowlewna Koslowskaja|Walentina Koslowskaja}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0  || 2
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Jelena Abramowna Fatalibekowa|Jelena Fatalibekowa}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 
|| 6
|}
;Viertelfinale Tschiburdanidse – Alexandria, April / Mai 1977 in [[Tiflis|Tbilissi]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Maia Tschiburdanidse|Maia Tschiburdanidse}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||  5½
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Nana Alexandria|Nana Alexandria}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ || 4½
|}

;Halbfinale Achmilowskaja – Tschiburdanidse, September / Oktober 1977 in [[Tallinn]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Elena Donaldson-Akhmilovskaya|Jelena Achmilowskaja}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½  ||  5½
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Maia Tschiburdanidse|Maia Tschiburdanidse}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ || 6½
|}
;Halbfinale Kuschnir – Fatalibekowa, September / Oktober 1977 in [[West-Berlin]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{ISR|Alla Kuschnir|Alla Kuschnir}} ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||  6½
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Jelena Abramowna Fatalibekowa|Jelena Fatalibekowa}} ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ ||style="background:white; color:black"| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 ||style="background:white; color:black"| 0 || 3½
|}

;Kandidatenfinale Kuschnir – Tschiburdanidse, Januar 1978 in [[Bad Kissingen]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! 13 !! 14 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{ISR|Alla Kuschnir|Alla Kuschnir}}
| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 6½
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Maia Tschiburdanidse|Maia Tschiburdanidse}}
|style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ || 7½
|}

== Weltmeisterschaftskampf ==
Der Weltmeisterschaftskampf wurde vom 18. August bis 5. Oktober 1978 in [[Pizunda]] ausgetragen. [[Schachschiedsrichter|Hauptschiedsrichter]] war [[Jaroslav Šajtar]] aus der [[Tschechoslowakei]]. Herausforderin Maia Tschiburdanidse konnte sich souverän gegen Weltmeisterin Nona Gaprindaschwili durchsetzen.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! 13 !! 14 !! 15 !! Punkte
|-
| align=left | {{SUN-1955|Maia Tschiburdanidse|Maia Tschiburdanidse}}
| ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ || '''8½'''
|-
| align=left |{{SUN-1955|Nona Gaprindaschwili|Nona Gaprindaschwili}}
|style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 6½
|}

== Weblinks ==
* [https://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/77wo$cix.htm Kandidatenwettkämpfe bei mark-weeks.com] 
* [https://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/78wo$wix.htm WM-Wettkampf bei mark-weeks.com] 
{{Navigationsleiste Schachweltmeisterschaften der Frauen}}

[[Kategorie:Schachweltmeisterschaft der Frauen|#1978]]
[[Kategorie:Schachwettbewerb in der Sowjetunion]]
[[Kategorie:Schachveranstaltung 1977]]
[[Kategorie:Schachveranstaltung 1978]]