Yi (Schrift)
Die Yi-Schrift (Yi: ꆈꌠꁱꂷ nuosu bburma [nɔ̄sū bū̠mā] oder chin.: 彝文 Yíwén) wird zum Schreiben der südwestchinesischen Minderheitensprache Yi verwendet.
Die Schrift ist im Chinesischen auch unter den Namen Cuànwén (爨文) oder Wéishū (Kurzzeichen: 韪书; Langzeichen: 違書) sowie weiteren Namen wie zum Beispiel Kaulquappenschrift (蝌蚪文 kēdǒuwén) bekannt.
Geschichte
Die klassische Yi-Schrift war eine Logogrammschrift ähnlich der chinesischen Schrift. Sie bestand aus zwischen 8.000 und 10.000 Zeichen. Sie ist seit 500 Jahren belegt, war aber wahrscheinlich auch schon früher in Gebrauch.
1974 führte die chinesische Regierung eine neue Yi-Schrift ein, die 1980 die offizielle Schrift der Yi-Sprache wurde. Bei ihr handelt es sich um eine Silbenschrift, die aus insgesamt 1.165 Silben besteht.
Umschrift
Die offizielle Umschrift ist eine leicht abgeänderte Version des Pinyin.
Zeichentabelle
| - | b | p | bb | nb | hm | m | f | v | d | t | dd | nd | hn | n | hl | l | g | k | gg | mg | hx | ng | h | w | z | c | zz | nz | s | ss | zh | ch | rr | nr | sh | r | j | q | jj | nj | ny | x | y | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [p] | [pʰ] | [b] | [m͡b] | [m̥] | [m] | [f] | [v] | [t] | [tʰ] | [d] | [n͡d] | [n̥] | [n] | [ɬ] | [l] | [k] | [kʰ] | [ɡ] | [ŋ͡ɡ] | [h] | [ŋ] | [x] | [ɣ] | [t͡s] | [t͡sʰ] | [d͡z] | [nd͡z] | [s] | [z] | [t͡ʂ] | [t͡ʂʰ] | [d͡ʐ] | [nd͡ʐ] | [ʂ] | [ʐ] | [t͡ɕ] | [t͡ɕʰ] | [d͡ʑ] | [nd͡ʑ] | [nʲ] | [ɕ] | [ʑ] | |||
| it | [i̋] | ꀀ | ꀖ | ꀸ | ꁖ | ꁶ | ꂑ | ꂮ | ꃍ | ꃢ | ꄀ | ꄚ | ꄶ | ꅑ | ꅨ | ꅽ | ꆗ | ꆷ | ꇚ | ꇸ | ꈔ | ꉆ | ꉮ | ꊍ | ꊮ | ꋐ | ꋭ | ꌉ | ꌪ | ꏠ | ꏼ | ꐘ | ꐱ | ꑊ | ꑝ | ꑱ | |||||||||
| ix | [ǐ] | ꀁ | ꀗ | ꀹ | ꁗ | ꁷ | ꂒ | ꂯ | ꃎ | ꃣ | ꄁ | ꄛ | ꄷ | ꅒ | ꅩ | ꅾ | ꆘ | ꆸ | ꇛ | ꇹ | ꈕ | ꉇ | ꊎ | ꊯ | ꋑ | ꋮ | ꌊ | ꌫ | ꏡ | ꏽ | ꐙ | ꐲ | ꑋ | ꑞ | ꑲ | ||||||||||
| i | [ī] | ꀂ | ꀘ | ꀺ | ꁘ | ꁸ | ꂓ | ꂰ | ꃏ | ꃤ | ꄂ | ꄜ | ꄸ | ꅓ | ꅪ | ꅿ | ꆙ | ꆹ | ꇜ | ꇺ | ꈖ | ꉈ | ꊏ | ꊰ | ꋒ | ꋯ | ꌋ | ꌬ | ꏢ | ꏾ | ꐚ | ꐳ | ꑌ | ꑟ | ꑳ | ||||||||||
| ip | [î] | ꀃ | ꀙ | ꀻ | ꁙ | ꁹ | ꂔ | ꂱ | ꃐ | ꃥ | ꄃ | ꄝ | ꄹ | ꅔ | ꅫ | ꆀ | ꆚ | ꆺ | ꇝ | ꇻ | ꉉ | ꊐ | ꊱ | ꋓ | ꋰ | ꌌ | ꌭ | ꏣ | ꏿ | ꐛ | ꐴ | ꑍ | ꑠ | ꑴ | |||||||||||
| iet | [ɛ̋] | ꀄ | ꀚ | ꁚ | ꃦ | ꅬ | ꆻ | ꇞ | ꉊ | ꊲ | ꋔ | ꏤ | ꐀ | ꐜ | ꐵ | ꑎ | ꑡ | ꑵ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| iex | [ɛ̌] | ꀅ | ꀛ | ꀼ | ꁛ | ꁺ | ꂕ | ꂲ | ꃧ | ꄄ | ꄞ | ꄺ | ꅕ | ꅭ | ꆁ | ꆛ | ꆼ | ꇟ | ꇼ | ꈗ | ꈰ | ꉋ | ꉝ | ꉯ | ꊑ | ꊳ | ꋕ | ꋱ | ꌍ | ꌮ | ꏥ | ꐁ | ꐝ | ꐶ | ꑏ | ꑢ | ꑶ | ||||||||
| ie | [ɛ̄] | ꀆ | ꀜ | ꀽ | ꁜ | ꁻ | ꂖ | ꂳ | ꃨ | ꄅ | ꄟ | ꄻ | ꅖ | ꅮ | ꆂ | ꆜ | ꆽ | ꇠ | ꇽ | ꈘ | ꈱ | ꉌ | ꉞ | ꉰ | ꊒ | ꊴ | ꋖ | ꋲ | ꌎ | ꌯ | ꏦ | ꐂ | ꐞ | ꐷ | ꑐ | ꑣ | ꑷ | ||||||||
| iep | [ɛ̂] | ꀇ | ꀝ | ꀾ | ꁝ | ꁼ | ꂗ | ꂴ | ꃩ | ꄆ | ꄠ | ꄼ | ꅯ | ꆃ | ꆝ | ꆾ | ꇡ | ꇾ | ꈙ | ꉍ | ꉟ | ꊓ | ꊵ | ꋗ | ꋳ | ꌏ | ꌰ | ꏧ | ꐃ | ꐟ | ꐸ | ꑑ | ꑤ | ꑸ | |||||||||||
| at | [a̋] | ꀈ | ꀞ | ꀿ | ꁞ | ꁽ | ꂘ | ꂵ | ꃑ | ꃪ | ꄇ | ꄡ | ꄽ | ꅗ | ꅰ | ꆞ | ꆿ | ꇢ | ꇿ | ꈚ | ꈲ | ꉎ | ꉠ | ꉱ | ꊀ | ꊔ | ꊶ | ꋘ | ꋴ | ꌐ | ꌱ | ꍆ | ꍡ | ꎔ | ꎫ | ꏆ | |||||||||
| ax | [ǎ] | ꀉ | ꀟ | ꁀ | ꁟ | ꁾ | ꂙ | ꂶ | ꃒ | ꃫ | ꄈ | ꄢ | ꄾ | ꅘ | ꅱ | ꆄ | ꆟ | ꇀ | ꇣ | ꈀ | ꈛ | ꈳ | ꉏ | ꉡ | ꉲ | ꊁ | ꊕ | ꊷ | ꋙ | ꋵ | ꌑ | ꌲ | ꍇ | ꍢ | ꍼ | ꎕ | ꎬ | ꏇ | |||||||
| a | [ā] | ꀊ | ꀠ | ꁁ | ꁠ | ꁿ | ꂚ | ꂷ | ꃓ | ꃬ | ꄉ | ꄣ | ꄿ | ꅙ | ꅲ | ꆅ | ꆠ | ꇁ | ꇤ | ꈁ | ꈜ | ꈴ | ꉐ | ꉢ | ꉳ | ꊂ | ꊖ | ꊸ | ꋚ | ꋶ | ꌒ | ꌳ | ꍈ | ꍣ | ꍽ | ꎖ | ꎭ | ꏈ | |||||||
| ap | [â] | ꀋ | ꀡ | ꁂ | ꁡ | ꂀ | ꂛ | ꂸ | ꃔ | ꃭ | ꄊ | ꄤ | ꅀ | ꅚ | ꅳ | ꆆ | ꆡ | ꇂ | ꇥ | ꈂ | ꈝ | ꈵ | ꉑ | ꉣ | ꉴ | ꊃ | ꊗ | ꊹ | ꋛ | ꋷ | ꌓ | ꌴ | ꍉ | ꍤ | ꎗ | ꎮ | ꏉ | ||||||||
| uot | [ɔ̋] | ꂹ | ꄥ | ꇃ | ꇦ | ꈞ | ꉒ | ꉤ | ꉵ | ꍥ | ꏨ | ꐄ | ꑹ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| uox | [ɔ̌] | ꀌ | ꀢ | ꁃ | ꁢ | ꂜ | ꂺ | ꄋ | ꄦ | ꅁ | ꅴ | ꆇ | ꆢ | ꇄ | ꇧ | ꈃ | ꈟ | ꈶ | ꉓ | ꉥ | ꉶ | ꊄ | ꊘ | ꊺ | ꋸ | ꌔ | ꍊ | ꍦ | ꍾ | ꎯ | ꏊ | ꏩ | ꐅ | ꐠ | ꐹ | ꑒ | ꑥ | ꑺ | |||||||
| uo | [ɔ̄] | ꀍ | ꀣ | ꁄ | ꁣ | ꂝ | ꂻ | ꄌ | ꄧ | ꅂ | ꅵ | ꆈ | ꆣ | ꇅ | ꇨ | ꈄ | ꈠ | ꈷ | ꉔ | ꉦ | ꉷ | ꊅ | ꊙ | ꊻ | ꋹ | ꌕ | ꍋ | ꍧ | ꍿ | ꎰ | ꏋ | ꏪ | ꐆ | ꐡ | ꐺ | ꑓ | ꑦ | ꑻ | |||||||
| uop | [ɔ̂] | ꀎ | ꀤ | ꁅ | ꁤ | ꂞ | ꂼ | ꄨ | ꅃ | ꆉ | ꆤ | ꇆ | ꇩ | ꈅ | ꈡ | ꈸ | ꉕ | ꉸ | ꊆ | ꊚ | ꊼ | ꌖ | ꍌ | ꍨ | ꎱ | ꏌ | ꏫ | ꐇ | ꐢ | ꑔ | ꑼ | ||||||||||||||
| ot | [ő] | ꀏ | ꀥ | ꁆ | ꁥ | ꂁ | ꂟ | ꂽ | ꃮ | ꄍ | ꄩ | ꅄ | ꅛ | ꅶ | ꆊ | ꇇ | ꇪ | ꈆ | ꈢ | ꈹ | ꉖ | ꉧ | ꉹ | ꊛ | ꊽ | ꌗ | ꌵ | ꍍ | ꍩ | ꎀ | ꎲ | ꏍ | ꏬ | ꐈ | ꐣ | ꐻ | ꑕ | ꑧ | ꑽ | ||||||
| ox | [ǒ] | ꀐ | ꀦ | ꁇ | ꁦ | ꂂ | ꂠ | ꂾ | ꃕ | ꃯ | ꄎ | ꄪ | ꅅ | ꅜ | ꅷ | ꆋ | ꆥ | ꇈ | ꇫ | ꈇ | ꈣ | ꈺ | ꉗ | ꉨ | ꉺ | ꊇ | ꊜ | ꊾ | ꋜ | ꋺ | ꌘ | ꌶ | ꍎ | ꍪ | ꎁ | ꎘ | ꎳ | ꏎ | ꏭ | ꐉ | ꐤ | ꐼ | ꑖ | ꑨ | ꑾ |
| o | [ō] | ꀑ | ꀧ | ꁈ | ꁧ | ꂃ | ꂡ | ꂿ | ꃖ | ꃰ | ꄏ | ꄫ | ꅆ | ꅝ | ꆌ | ꆦ | ꇉ | ꇬ | ꈈ | ꈤ | ꈻ | ꉘ | ꉩ | ꉻ | ꊈ | ꊝ | ꊿ | ꋝ | ꌙ | ꌷ | ꍏ | ꍫ | ꎂ | ꎙ | ꎴ | ꏏ | ꏮ | ꐊ | ꐥ | ꐽ | ꑗ | ꑩ | ꑿ | ||
| op | [ô] | ꀒ | ꀨ | ꁉ | ꁨ | ꂄ | ꂢ | ꃀ | ꃗ | ꃱ | ꄐ | ꄬ | ꅇ | ꅞ | ꅸ | ꆍ | ꆧ | ꇊ | ꇭ | ꈉ | ꈥ | ꈼ | ꉙ | ꉪ | ꉼ | ꊉ | ꊞ | ꋀ | ꋞ | ꋻ | ꌚ | ꌸ | ꍐ | ꍬ | ꎃ | ꎚ | ꎵ | ꏐ | ꏯ | ꐋ | ꐦ | ꐾ | ꑘ | ꑪ | ꒀ |
| et | [ɯ̋] | ꇮ | ꈊ | ꈦ | ꍑ | ꍭ | ꎄ | ꎛ | ꎶ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ex | [ɯ̌] | ꀓ | ꀩ | ꁩ | ꃁ | ꃲ | ꄑ | ꄭ | ꅈ | ꅟ | ꅹ | ꆎ | ꆨ | ꇋ | ꇯ | ꈋ | ꈧ | ꈽ | ꉚ | ꉫ | ꉽ | ꊊ | ꊟ | ꋁ | ꋟ | ꋼ | ꌛ | ꌹ | ꍒ | ꍮ | ꎅ | ꎜ | ꎷ | ꏑ | |||||||||||
| e | [ɯ̄] | ꀔ | ꀪ | ꁪ | ꃂ | ꄒ | ꄮ | ꅉ | ꅠ | ꅺ | ꆏ | ꆩ | ꇌ | ꇰ | ꈌ | ꈨ | ꈾ | ꉛ | ꉬ | ꉾ | ꊋ | ꊠ | ꋂ | ꋠ | ꋽ | ꌜ | ꌺ | ꍓ | ꍯ | ꎆ | ꎝ | ꎸ | ꏒ | ||||||||||||
| ep | [ɯ̂] | ꀫ | ꁫ | ꃳ | ꄓ | ꄯ | ꅊ | ꅡ | ꅻ | ꆐ | ꆪ | ꇍ | ꇱ | ꈍ | ꈩ | ꈿ | ꉜ | ꉭ | ꉿ | ꊌ | ꊡ | ꋃ | ꋡ | ꌝ | ꌻ | ꍔ | ꍰ | ꎇ | ꎞ | ꎹ | ꏓ | ||||||||||||||
| ut | [ű] | ꀬ | ꁊ | ꁬ | ꂅ | ꂣ | ꃃ | ꃘ | ꃴ | ꄔ | ꄰ | ꅋ | ꅢ | ꅼ | ꆑ | ꆫ | ꇎ | ꇲ | ꈎ | ꈪ | ꉀ | ꊢ | ꋄ | ꌞ | ꌼ | ꍕ | ꎈ | ꎟ | ꎺ | ꏔ | ꏰ | ꐌ | ꐧ | ꑙ | ꒁ | ||||||||||
| ux | [ǔ] | ꀭ | ꁋ | ꁭ | ꂆ | ꂤ | ꃄ | ꃙ | ꃵ | ꄕ | ꄱ | ꅌ | ꅣ | ꆒ | ꆬ | ꇏ | ꇳ | ꈏ | ꈫ | ꉁ | ꊣ | ꋅ | ꋢ | ꋾ | ꌟ | ꌽ | ꍖ | ꍱ | ꎉ | ꎠ | ꎻ | ꏕ | ꏱ | ꐍ | ꐨ | ꐿ | ꑚ | ꒂ | |||||||
| u | [ū] | ꀮ | ꁌ | ꁮ | ꂇ | ꂥ | ꃅ | ꃚ | ꃶ | ꄖ | ꄲ | ꅍ | ꅤ | ꆓ | ꆭ | ꇐ | ꇴ | ꈐ | ꈬ | ꉂ | ꊤ | ꋆ | ꋣ | ꋿ | ꌠ | ꌾ | ꍗ | ꍲ | ꎊ | ꎡ | ꎼ | ꏖ | ꏲ | ꐎ | ꐩ | ꑀ | ꑛ | ꒃ | |||||||
| up | [û] | ꀯ | ꁍ | ꁯ | ꂈ | ꂦ | ꃆ | ꃛ | ꃷ | ꄗ | ꄳ | ꅎ | ꅥ | ꆔ | ꆮ | ꇑ | ꇵ | ꈑ | ꈭ | ꉃ | ꊥ | ꋇ | ꋤ | ꌀ | ꌡ | ꌿ | ꍘ | ꍳ | ꎋ | ꎢ | ꎽ | ꏗ | ꏳ | ꐏ | ꐪ | ꑁ | ꑜ | ꒄ | |||||||
| urx | [ǔ̠] | ꀰ | ꁎ | ꁰ | ꂉ | ꂧ | ꃇ | ꃜ | ꃸ | ꄘ | ꄴ | ꅏ | ꅦ | ꆕ | ꆯ | ꇒ | ꇶ | ꈒ | ꈮ | ꉄ | ꊦ | ꋈ | ꋥ | ꌁ | ꌢ | ꍙ | ꍴ | ꎌ | ꎣ | ꎾ | ꏘ | ꏴ | ꐐ | ꐫ | ꑂ | ꒅ | |||||||||
| ur | [ū̠] | ꀱ | ꁏ | ꁱ | ꂊ | ꂨ | ꃈ | ꃝ | ꃹ | ꄙ | ꄵ | ꅐ | ꅧ | ꆖ | ꆰ | ꇓ | ꇷ | ꈓ | ꈯ | ꉅ | ꊧ | ꋉ | ꋦ | ꌂ | ꌣ | ꍚ | ꍵ | ꎍ | ꎤ | ꎿ | ꏙ | ꏵ | ꐑ | ꐬ | ꑃ | ꒆ | |||||||||
| yt | [ɿ̋] | ꀲ | ꁐ | ꁲ | ꂋ | ꃉ | ꃞ | ꃺ | ꆱ | ꇔ | ꊨ | ꋊ | ꋧ | ꌃ | ꌤ | ꍀ | ꍛ | ꍶ | ꎎ | ꎥ | ꏀ | ꏚ | ꏶ | ꐒ | ꐭ | ꑄ | ꑫ | ꒇ | |||||||||||||||||
| yx | [ɿ̌] | ꀳ | ꁑ | ꁳ | ꂌ | ꂩ | ꃊ | ꃟ | ꃻ | ꆲ | ꇕ | ꊩ | ꋋ | ꋨ | ꌄ | ꌥ | ꍁ | ꍜ | ꍷ | ꎏ | ꎦ | ꏁ | ꏛ | ꏷ | ꐓ | ꐮ | ꑅ | ꑬ | ꒈ | ||||||||||||||||
| y | [ɿ̄] | ꀴ | ꁒ | ꁴ | ꂍ | ꂪ | ꃋ | ꃠ | ꃼ | ꆳ | ꇖ | ꊪ | ꋌ | ꋩ | ꌅ | ꌦ | ꍂ | ꍝ | ꍸ | ꎐ | ꎧ | ꏂ | ꏜ | ꏸ | ꐔ | ꐯ | ꑆ | ꑭ | ꒉ | ||||||||||||||||
| yp | [ɿ̂] | ꀵ | ꁓ | ꁵ | ꂎ | ꂫ | ꃌ | ꃡ | ꃽ | ꆴ | ꇗ | ꊫ | ꋍ | ꋪ | ꌆ | ꌧ | ꍃ | ꍞ | ꍹ | ꎑ | ꎨ | ꏃ | ꏝ | ꏹ | ꐕ | ꐰ | ꑇ | ꑮ | ꒊ | ||||||||||||||||
| yrx | [ɿ̠̌] | ꀶ | ꁔ | ꂏ | ꂬ | ꃾ | ꆵ | ꇘ | ꊬ | ꋎ | ꋫ | ꌇ | ꌨ | ꍄ | ꍟ | ꍺ | ꎒ | ꎩ | ꏄ | ꏞ | ꏺ | ꐖ | ꑈ | ꑯ | ꒋ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| yr | [ɿ̠̄] | ꀷ | ꁕ | ꂐ | ꂭ | ꃿ | ꆶ | ꇙ | ꊭ | ꋏ | ꋬ | ꌈ | ꌩ | ꍅ | ꍠ | ꍻ | ꎓ | ꎪ | ꏅ | ꏟ | ꏻ | ꐗ | ꑉ | ꑰ | ꒌ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unicode
Unicode kodiert die Yi-Schrift im Bereich U+A000-U+A48F.
