Benutzer:Ericskaliks/Sagittaria latifolia

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie
Dieser Artikel (Sagittaria latifolia) ist im Entstehen begriffen und noch nicht Bestandteil der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia.
Wenn du dies liest:
  • Der Text kann teilweise in einer Fremdsprache verfasst, unvollständig sein oder noch ungeprüfte Aussagen enthalten.
  • Wenn du Fragen zum Thema hast, nimm am besten Kontakt mit dem Autor Ericskaliks auf.
 Wenn du diesen Artikel überarbeitest:
  • Bitte denke daran, die Angaben im Artikel durch geeignete Quellen zu belegen und zu prüfen, ob er auch anderweitig den Richtlinien der Wikipedia entspricht (siehe Wikipedia:Artikel).
  • Nach erfolgter Übersetzung kannst du diese Vorlage entfernen und den Artikel in den Artikelnamensraum verschieben. Die entstehende Weiterleitung kannst du schnelllöschen lassen.
  • Importe inaktiver Accounts, die länger als drei Monate völlig unbearbeitet sind, werden gelöscht.

Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Speciesbox Vorlage:Nutritional value

Sagittaria latifolia is a plant found in shallow wetlands and is sometimes known as broadleaf arrowhead,[1] duck-potato,[2] Indian potato, Katniss, or wapato. This plant produces edible tubers that have traditionally been extensively used by the Native Americans in the lower Columbia River basin,[3][4] as well as the Omaha[5] and Cherokee nations.[3]

Description

Sagittaria latifolia is a variably sized (Vorlage:Convert in length) perennial growing in colonies that can cover large areas of ground. The roots are white and thin, producing white tubers covered with a purplish skin a good distance (Vorlage:Convert long, Vorlage:Convert deep) from the mother plant. It is green and white. The plant produces rosettes of leaves and an inflorescence on a long rigid scape. The leaves are extremely variable, from very thin at 1 to 2 cm to wedge-shaped like those of Sagittaria cuneata. Spongy and solid, the leaves have parallel venation meeting in the middle and the extremities. The inflorescence is a raceme composed of large flowers whorled by threes. Usually divided into female flowers on the lower part and male on the upper, although dioecious individuals are also found. Three round, white petals and three very short curved, dark green sepals. Male flowers are easily distinguished from female due to the dissimilarity between the 25 to 50 yellow stamens of the male and the sphere of green carpels of the female ones.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

The name of Shubenacadie, a community located in central Nova Scotia, Canada, means "abounding in ground nuts" (i.e., broadleaf arrowhead) in the Mi'kmaq language.Vorlage:Cn

Distribution

Sagittaria latifolia is native to southern Canada and most of the contiguous United States, as well as Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Cuba. It is also naturalized in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Bhutan, Australia and much of Europe (France, Spain, Italy, Romania, Germany, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, and European Russia).[14] In Mexico, it is reported from Campeche, Nayarit, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Puebla, Jalisco, Durango, Tlaxcala, Estado de México, Veracruz and Michoacán.[15]

Ecology

Extremely frequent as an emergent plant, broadleaf arrowhead forms dense colonies on very wet soils that become more open as the species mixes with other species of deeper water levels. These colonies form long bands following the curves of rivers, ponds and lakes, well-marked by the dark green color of the leaves. The plant has strong roots and can survive through wide variations of the water level, slow currents and waves. It displays an affinity for high levels of phosphates and hard waters.

Despite the name "duck potato", ducks rarely consume the tubers, which are usually buried too deep for them to reach, although they often eat the seeds. Beavers, North American Porcupines, and muskrats eat the whole plant, tubers included. Native Americans are alleged to have opened muskrat houses to obtain their collection of roots.[16]

Cultivation

This plant is easily cultivated in Vorlage:Convert of water with no or little current. The tubers are planted well spaced (no more than 12 plants per square meter) at the end of May at a depth of Vorlage:Convert. Fertilize with decomposed manure. They can be multiplied through seeding or division in July. The starchy tubers, produced by rhizomes beneath the wet ground surface, have long been an important food source to the indigenous peoples of the Americas, along with those of Sagittaria cuneata.[16] The tubers can be detached from the ground in various ways: with the feet, a pitchfork, or a stick, and after digging up, the tubers usually float to the surface. Ripe tubers can be collected in the fall, and are also often found then floating freely.[17]

These tubers can be eaten raw or cooked for 15 to 20 minutes. The taste is similar to potatoes and chestnuts, and they can be prepared in the same fashions: roasting, frying, boiling, and so on. They can also be sliced and dried to prepare a flour.[18]

Other edible parts include late summer buds and fruits. This plant is vulnerable to aphids and spider mites.Vorlage:Cn

References

Vorlage:Reflist

External links

Vorlage:Taxonbar

[[Category:Sagittaria|latifolia]] [[Category:Root vegetables]] [[Category:Flora of the United States]] [[Category:Flora of Canada]] [[Category:Flora of Europe]] [[Category:Flora of Hawaii]] [[Category:Flora of Puerto Rico]] [[Category:Flora of Mexico]] [[Category:Flora of Cuba]] [[Category:Flora of Central America]] [[Category:Flora of Colombia]] [[Category:Flora of Ecuador]] [[Category:Flora of Venezuela]] [[Category:Flora of Campeche]] [[Category:Flora of Nayarit]] [[Category:Flora of Tabasco]] [[Category:Flora of Tamaulipas]] [[Category:Flora of Puebla]] [[Category:Flora of Jalisco]] [[Category:Flora of Durango]] [[Category:Flora of Tlaxcala]] [[Category:Flora of Veracruz]] [[Category:Flora of Michoacán]] [[Category:Flora of Bhutan]] [[Category:Freshwater plants]] [[Category:Plants described in 1805]]

  1. ↑ Vorlage:PLANTS
  2. ↑ Vorlage:BSBI 2007
  3. ↑ a b Robert Louis Freedman: Native North American Food Preparation Techniques. In: Pan American Institute of Geography and History (Hrsg.): Boletín Bibliográfico de Antropología Americana (1973-1979). 38, Nr. 47, 1976., s.v. Swamp Potato (wappato) Oregon
  4. ↑ Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen Wildflowers.
  5. ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. In: Botanical Research Institute of Texas . Abgerufen am 9. Dezember 2021.
  6. ↑ CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
  7. ↑ Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States Monocotyledons 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
  8. ↑ Haynes, R. R. 1993. Alismataceae. 13: 7–20. In R. McVaugh (ed.) Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
  9. ↑ Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  10. ↑ Long, R. W. & O. K. Lakela. 1971. Flora of Tropical Florida i–xvii, 1–962. University of Miami Press, Coral Cables.
  11. ↑ Moss, E. H. 1983. Flora of Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.
  12. ↑ Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
  13. ↑ Voss, E. G. 1972. Gymnosperms and Monocots. i–xv, 1–488. In Michigan Flora. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
  14. ↑ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Britisches Englisch) In: apps.kew.org . Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2017.
  15. ↑ Zepeda Gómez, Carmen, Lot, Antonio. Distribución y uso tradicional de Sagittaria macrophylla Zucc. y S. latifolia Willd. en el Estado de MéxicoCiencia Ergo Sum [online] 2005, 12
  16. ↑ a b William A. Niering, Nancy C. Olmstead: The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf, 1985, ISBN 0-394-50432-1, S. 318.
  17. ↑ 58518-1. IPNI. 14. Juli 2004. Abgerufen am 21. Juli 2007: „Alismataceae Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 409.“
  18. ↑ Sagittaria latifolia - Willd. Duck Potato. In: Edible and medicinal plant database. Plants For A Future. June 2004. Abgerufen am 20. Juli 2007: „Excellent when roasted, the texture is somewhat like potatoes with a taste like sweet chestnuts“
Abgerufen von „https://de.wikiup.org/index.php?title=Benutzer:Ericskaliks/Sagittaria_latifolia&oldid=222811615“