Benutzer:Prost666/Ceftazidim

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Strukturformel
Struktur von Ceftazidim
Allgemeines
Freiname Ceftazidim
Andere Namen
  • IUPAC: 2-[(Z)-[1-(2-Amino-1, 3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-oxo-2-[[(3S)-2-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl]amino]ethyliden]amino]oxy-2-methylpropansäure
  • Latein: Ceftazidimum, Ceftazidimum anhydricum
  • Pyridinium
  • 8-[2-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-oxo-propan-2-yl)oxyimino-acetyl]amino-7-oxo-4-(pyridin-1-ylmethyl)-2-thia-6-azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-4-en-5-carboxylat
  • 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[[(2Z)-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-, inner salt
  • Propansäure
Summenformel C22H22N6O7S2
Kurzbeschreibung

weißer bis cremefarbener, kristalliner, geruchloser Puder [1] (Ceftazidim-Pentahydrat)

Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
CAS-Nummer 72558-82-8
PubChem 9576922
DrugBank DB00438
Arzneistoffangaben
ATC-Code

J01DD02

Wirkstoffklasse
Wirkmechanismus

Hemmung der bakteriellen Zellwandsynthese

Eigenschaften
Molare Masse 546,576 g·mol−1
Aggregatzustand

fest

Dichte

1,9 g·cm−3[2]

Dampfdruck

2.32E-21 mmHg[3]

Löslichkeit

schwer löslich in Wasser [4] (396 mg·l−1)

Brechungsindex

1,759 [2]

Sicherheitshinweise
Bitte die Befreiung von der Kennzeichnungspflicht für Arzneimittel, Medizinprodukte, Kosmetika, Lebensmittel und Futtermittel beachten
GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung
H- und P-Sätze H:
P:
Soweit möglich und gebräuchlich, werden SI-Einheiten verwendet. Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei Standardbedingungen. Brechungsindex: Na-D-Linie, 20 °C

Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients.

Wirkspektrum

Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria

Pharmakologie

Pharmakodynamik

Ceftazidime is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam antibiotic for parenteral administration. Ceftazidime is bactericidal in action exerting its effect by inhibition of enzymes responsible for cell-wall synthesis, primarily penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3). A wide range of gram-negative organisms is susceptible to ceftazidime in vitro, including strains resistant to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides. In addition, ceftazidime has been shown to be active against gram-positive organisms. It is highly stable to most clinically important beta-lactamases, plasmid or chromosomal, which are produced by both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and, consequently, is active against many strains resistant to ampicillin and other cephalosporins. Ceftazidime has activity against the gram-negative organisms Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae. Its activity against Pseudomonas is a distinguishing feature of ceftazidime among the cephalosporins.

Wirkmechanismus

The bactericidal activity of ceftazidime results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung

Ceftazidime overdosage has occurred in patients with renal failure. Reactions have included seizure activity, encephalopathy, asterixis, neuromuscular excitability, and coma.

Pharmakokinetik

Absorption: The absorption of ceftazidime is directly proportional to the size of the dose. The elimination of ceftazidime by the kidneys resulted in high therapeutic concentrations in the urine. Half-life, following IV administration, is approximately 1.9-hours. Since ceftazidime is eliminated almost solely by the kidneys, its serum half-life is significantly prolonged in patients with impaired renal function. Clearance: 115 mL/min Occupational Exposure Limit: 100 mcg/m3 (15 MIN STEL)

Freisetzung (Liberation)

Aufnahme (Absorption)

Verteilung (Distribution)

Verstoffwechslung (Metabolismus)

Ausscheidung (Exkretion)

Dosis, Verteilungsvolumen, Clearance, Bioverfügbarkeit, Plasmahalbwertszeit, Erhaltungsdosis

Indikationen

For the treatment of patients with infections caused by susceptible strains of organisms in the following diseases: lower respiratory tract infections,skin and skin structure infections, urinary tract infections, bacterial septicemia, bone and joint infections, gynecologic infections, intra abdominal infections (including peritonitis), and central nervous system infections (including meningitis).

Kontraindikationen

Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen

Nebenwirkungen / unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen

Handelsnamen

FORTAZ, Fortam (CH), Generika (CH)

Weblinks

Literatur

Einzelhinweise

  1. Datenblatt Ceftazidime for Injection von Eli Lilly and Company, abgerufen am 9. Juli 2011.
  2. a b Ceftazidim bei ChemieSpider, abgerufen am 09. Juli 2011.
  3. a b c d e f g Ceftazidim bei ChemIDplus, abgerufen am 9. Juli 2011.
  4. Ceftazidim bei PharmaWiki], abgerufen am 09. Juli 2011.
  5. Ceftazidim bei ChemicalBook, abgerufen am 9. Juli 2011.