Benutzer:Shi Annan/Atatürk’ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie
Dieser Artikel (Atatürk’ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı) ist im Entstehen begriffen und noch nicht Bestandteil der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia.
Wenn du dies liest:
  • Der Text kann teilweise in einer Fremdsprache verfasst, unvollständig sein oder noch ungeprüfte Aussagen enthalten.
  • Wenn du Fragen zum Thema hast, nimm am besten Kontakt mit dem Autor Shi Annan auf.
 Wenn du diesen Artikel überarbeitest:
  • Bitte denke daran, die Angaben im Artikel durch geeignete Quellen zu belegen und zu prüfen, ob er auch anderweitig den Richtlinien der Wikipedia entspricht (siehe Wikipedia:Artikel).
  • Nach erfolgter Übersetzung kannst du diese Vorlage entfernen und den Artikel in den Artikelnamensraum verschieben. Die entstehende Weiterleitung kannst du schnelllöschen lassen.
  • Importe inaktiver Accounts, die länger als drei Monate völlig unbearbeitet sind, werden gelöscht.
Flag parade of girls at the Youth And Sports Day, 1939.

Atatürk’ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı (Atatürk-Gedenken, Jugend- und Sport-Tag[1]) ist ein jährlicher Feiertag in der Türkei, welcher jährlich am 19. Mai begangen wird zur Erinnerung an Mustafa Kemals Landung in Samsun am 19. Mai 1919, was als Beginn des Türkischen Befreiungskrieges in der offiziellen Historiographie bezeichnet wird.

Geschichte

Gymnastik-Festival

Das erste İdman Bayramı (Gymnastik-Festival) wurde auf dem Sportfeld (heute: Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium des Kadıköy İttihad Sports - Union Club bis 1915) vom Erkek Muallim Mektebi (Lehrer-College für Jungen) auf persönliches Engagement von Selim Sırrı Tarcan (Tarcan Bey) hin ausgerichtet.[2]Tarcan Bey war der Inspektor des Bildungsministerium des Ottoman Empire at the time. According to some sources, it was held on May 12, 1916, as to Faik Reşit Unat, in May 1916, as to Selim Sırrı Tarcan himself, on April 29, 1916.[3] Selim Sirri Bey had brought a score of the Swedish folk music titled Tre trallande jäntor ("Three carolling girls") and collected by Felix Körling.[4] This folk music became "Dağ Başını Duman Almış" marşı with Turkish lyrics written by Ali Ulvi Bey (Elöve) in 1917[5] and sung in this festival for the first time.[6]

Mustafa Kemal's landing in Samsun

Fahrî Yâver-i Hazret-i Şehriyâri[dn 1] Mirliva Mustafa Kemal Pasha was assigned as the inspector of the Ninth Army Troops Inspectorate on April 30, 1919,[7] tasked to oversee the disbanding the Ottoman Army required by the Treaty of Sèvres, and left Istanbul with his staff aboard steamer SS Bandırma for Samsun. After landing in Samsun on May 19, Mustafa Kemal started the Turkish National Movement in contravention to his orders, an act that would lead to the Turkish War of Independence and ultimately the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923.[8]

Mustafa Kemal and his staff left Samsun on May 24 for transferring their headquarters to the village of Karageçmiş in Havza district. According to Hamza Eroğlu, they sang the march Dağ Başını Duman Almış while marching from Samsun to Havza,[9] and according to Şevket Süreyya Aydemir, they also sang this song after leaving Havza to go to Amasya.[10]

Atatürk's later years

According to İsmet Bozdağ, his best friend Şükrü Kaya, who was the Minister of the Interior at the time, told him that:

On May 19, 1936, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk made a conversation with his close friends Şükrü Kaya, Ruşen Eşref Ünaydın, Kılıç Ali, Salih Bozok, Mehmet Seydan and Nuri Conker at the Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul. Atatürk asked them "Do you know what today is?" They replied, "the third day of the occupation of Izmir", "Ankara meeting", "Ismet Pasha telegraphed from Lausanne", "Golden Horn Conference", "Turco-British negotiations over Iraq", "Progressive Republican Party was banned" ... even Atatürk's close friends couldn't remember Mustafa Kemal's landing in Samsun.[11]
Atatürk then said "It is a day about the liberation of our country." Still, his friends couldn't identify the correct event. Some time later, Şükrü Kaya said "Was this the day when you left Istanbul?", and Atatürk replied "You came closer... It was the day that we landed in Samsun." Atatürk went on to say "This day will be a festival that we'll celebrate." Next year, "May 19" was celebrated with Şükrü Kaya's arrangement.[11]

Until then, "May 19" was not given any special meaning, besides Atatürk's expression "Gentlemen, I landed in Samsun on the nineteenth day of May of the year 1919"[dn 2] in his book, Nutuk.[11]

With the Law No. 3466 dated June 20, 1938, "May 19" was officialized as the Festival of Youth and Sports. The march Dağ Başını Duman Almış was announced as the Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı Marşı (March of the Festival of Youth and Sports, popularly known as the Gençlik Marşı).[12]

Practice

Youths sing the national anthem, visit Anıtkabir, recite poems, make parades and sports and realise cultural activities like performing folk dances and play epic drama to commemorate Atatürk and his companions' beginning of the national struggle in 1919 that would lead to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, in 1923.[13][14][15][16]

The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus also commemorates this day as a national holiday.[17]

Atatürk's birthday

Atatürk was born in 1881. But his birth date is not known. In one of his speeches, he declared that he considers his birthday as May 19, in clear reference to the beginning of the national struggle in 1919.[18]

Media

Vorlage:Listen

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ May 19 the Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day auf der offiziellen Homepage der Presidency of the Republic of Turkey tccb.gov.tr.
  2. ↑ Mustafa Ergün: İkinci Meşrûtiyet Devrinde Eğitim Hareketleri: (1908–1914), Ocak Yayınları 1996. ISBN 978-975-422-090-2, p. 154.
  3. ↑ Nâlân Bilge, Türkiye'de Beden Eğitimi Öğretmeninin Yetiştirilmesi, Kültür Bakanlığı, 1989, Vorlage:ISBN, p. 44. Vorlage:In lang
  4. ↑ Etem Üngör, Türk Marşları, Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü, 1965, p. 54. Vorlage:In lang
  5. ↑ Seyit Kemal Karaalioğlu, Resimli Türk Edebiyatçılar Sözlüğü, İnkılâp ve Aka, 1982, p. 128. Vorlage:In lang
  6. ↑ Kudret Emiroğlu, Gündelik Hayatımızın Tarihi, Dost Kitabevi, 2001, Vorlage:ISBN, p. 498. Vorlage:In lang
  7. ↑ Andrew Mango, Atatürk, John Murray, 1999, Vorlage:ISBN, p. 214.
  8. ↑ Vorlage:Cite encyclopedia
  9. ↑ Hamza Eroğlu, Türk Devrimi Tarihi, Türk Devrim Kurumu, 1974, p. 87. Vorlage:In lang
  10. ↑ Şevket Süreyya Aydemir, Tek Adam: Mustafa Kemalʾin Hayatı, Cilt 1, Remzi Kitapevi, 1967, p. 40. Vorlage:In lang
  11. ↑ a b c Mustafa Armağan, "19 Mayıs'ın bilinmeyen tarihi" (Unknown history of "May 19"), Yeni Şafak, May 19, 1999. Vorlage:In lang
  12. ↑ Sadi Borak, Bilinmiyen yönleriyle Atatürk, Kitapçılık Ticaret Limited Şirketi Yayınları, 1966, Vorlage:Page needed
  13. ↑ Erdoğan'dan İstiklal Marşı çağrısı!. In: Sözcü. May 21, 2020. Abgerufen im May 18, 2021.
  14. ↑ 100. yılında 19 Mayıs coşkusu!. In: Dünya. May 19, 2019. Abgerufen im May 18, 2021.
  15. ↑ Türkiye genelinde 19 Mayıs için Fener Alayları düzenlendi. In: Sözcü. May 29, 2018. Abgerufen im May 18, 2021.
  16. ↑ Münir Şahin, Burhanettin Dönmez: 19 Mayıs Atatürk'ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı Hakkında Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenlerinin Görüşleri. In: Millî Eğitim. Nr. 202, Spring 2014. Abgerufen im May 18, 2021.
  17. ↑ Resmi Tatil Günleri in the official website of K.K.T.C. Başbakanlık Personel Dairesi Müdürlüğü. Vorlage:In lang
  18. ↑ Vorlage:Cite encyclopedia

Weblinks

Commons: Shi Annan/Atatürk’ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien


[[Category:Public holidays in Turkey]] [[Category:Remembrance days]] [[Category:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] [[Category:May observances]] [[Category:Youth in Turkey]] [[Category:Annual events in Turkey]] [[Category:Youth festivals]] [[Category:Spring (season) events in Turkey]]
Referenzfehler: <ref>-Tags existieren für die Gruppe dn, jedoch wurde kein dazugehöriges <references group="dn" />-Tag gefunden.

Abgerufen von „https://de.wikiup.org/index.php?title=Benutzer:Shi_Annan/Atatürk’ü_Anma,_Gençlik_ve_Spor_Bayramı&oldid=213998079“