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James Heilman bei Wikimania 2015.

James M. Heilman (* 1979 oder 1980) ist ein kanadischer Notfallmediziner, Arzt, Wikipedianer und Mitarbeiter für die Verbesserung von gesundheitsbezogenen Inhalten der Wikipedia (health information on Wikipedia). Er ermutigt andere Mediziner zu Beiträgen in der Online-Enzyklopädie.[1][2]

Unter dem Benutzername Doc James arbeitet Heilman als Autor im WikiProject Medicine und als ehrenamtlicher Administrator. Er war von 2010 bis 2013 Präsident von Wikimedia Canada und Mitbegründer und Präsident des Wiki Project Med Foundation.[3][4][5][6][7] Er ist auch Gründer der Medicine Translation Task Force des WikiProject Medicine.[8] Im Juni 2015 wurde er ins Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees gewählt, allerdings am 28. Dezember 2015 bereits wieder abgesetzt.[9][10][11] Im Mai 2017 wurde er dann wieder ins Board of Trustees gewählt.[12]

Heilman ist Clinical Assistant Professor im Department für Notfallmedizin an der University of British Columbia,[13][14] und Leiter des Department of Emergency Medicine am East Kootenay Regional Hospital in Cranbrook, British Columbia, wo er lebt.[1][15]

Leben

Jugend und Ausbildung

Heilmann wurde 1979[15] im ländlichen Saskatchewan geboren.[16] Er erwarb 2000 einen Bachelor of Science in Anatomie an der University of Saskatchewan und erwarb dort auch seinen Doctor of Medicine.[1] Seine family medicine residency machte er von 2003 bis 2005 in British Columbia.[16] Heilman erwarb auch ein Certificate of added Competency in Notfallmedizin am College of Family Physicians of Canada.

Medizinische Karriere

Heilman arbeitete am Moose Jaw Union Hospital, in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, bis 2010, danach am East Kootenay Regional Hospital,[1][17] wo er im Oktober 2012 zum Head of the Department für Notfallmedizin ernannt wurde.[1] 2014 erzählte er dem Cranbrook Daily Townsman, dass sein Department in East Kootenay durchschnittlich 22.000 Patienten pro Jahr versorgt.[18]

Forschung

Noch im Mai 2014 arbeitete Heilman an einer Studie mit Samir Grover von der University of Toronto. , which would assign medical students to take a test using either Wikipedia or medical textbooks to determine which is more accurate.[19] Später im Jahr Heilman co-authored a version of the Wikipedia article for dengue fever in the peer-reviewed journal Open Medicine.[20] Heilman also worked on a study with Microsoft which found that in the three countries where the 2013–2016 Ebola outbreak had the largest impact, Wikipedia was the most popular source for information about the disease.[21] In 2015, Heilman and Andrew West published a study which found that the number of Wikipedia editors who focused on editing medical articles decreased by 40 per cent from 2008 to 2013.[22] These results, together with other detailed analyses about the production and consumption of medical content on Wikipedia, were published by the Journal of Medical Internet Research in 2015.[23]

Wikipedia and Wikimedia activities

Datei:Q&A with James Heilman on teaching with Wikipedia.webm

Since the beginning of his activity as a contributor to medicine-related Wikipedia articles in 2008, Heilman has been promoting the improvement of medical content by encouraging fellow physicians to take part.[1] He became interested in editing Wikipedia on a slow night shift, when he looked up the article on obesity and found that it contained many errors. "I realized that I could fix it. I made a huge number of edits and improved the quality a great deal. I sort of became hooked from there," he told the Hamilton Spectator in 2011.[2] As of 2016, he edited medical articles on Wikipedia for about 60 hours a week.[24]

Heilman takes part in an initiative through Wiki Project Med Foundation with Translators Without Borders, working to improve and translate English Wikipedia medical articles of top importance into minority languages.[25][26][27] The Wiki Project Med Foundation has started a collaboration with the University of California, San Francisco as a recruit for scientifically literate editors, by giving students college credit for improving medicine-related Wikipedia pages.[28] In 2014, the Wiki Project Med Foundation also partnered with the Cochrane Collaboration, with the goal of improving the reliability and accuracy of information on Wikipedia. With regard to this partnership, Heilman said, "The way Wikipedia works is that all content is to stand entirely on the references that are listed. If the best quality sources are used to write Wikipedia there's a good chance that Wikipedia will contain the best quality information."[29]

Heilman spoke at Wikimania 2014, where he said that 93 per cent of medical students use Wikipedia, and argued that "fixing the internet" is now a critical task for anyone who cares about healthcare.[30]

Ebola contributions

By reviewing and correcting medical content in the manner promoted by Heilman (and with many of his contributions), in Wikipedia articles like that about Ebola, Wikipedia has become a source of information to the general public, thus being regarded among respected sites run by the World Health Organization[31] and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[32] covering the topic.[3][33] Heilman reduced the time he spent working in the emergency department so he could spend more time updating this page.[34] In 2014, he told the Cranbrook Daily Townsman that with respect to Wikipedia's coverage of Ebola, "The big thing is emphasizing what we know, making sure that minor concerns don’t get blown out of proportion."[35] He also said that, despite rumours to the contrary, there was no evidence that the disease had become airborne, and that ebola had caused far fewer deaths than other conditions such as malaria and gastroenteritis.[35]

Rorschach test images

In 2009, Heilman, who was then a resident of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan,[36] added public domain images of the ink blots used in the Rorschach test to the Wikipedia article on the subject, and concerned psychologists said that this could invalidate the tests.[17][37][38] Some psychologists stated the test had "already lost its popularity and usefulness."[17][38] In an interview with The New York Times, Heilman stated that he added the entire set because a debate about a single image seemed absurd and psychologists' fears were unfounded.[39] Appearing on Canada AM on 31. Juli 2009, Heilman also said that "This information [i.e. the inkblots] is encyclopedic. This is what people expect to see when they see this page."[40] In August 2009, two Canadian psychologists filed complaints about Heilman to his local doctors' organization; Heilman called the complaints "intimidation tactics".[41] In September 2009, the College of Psychologists of British Columbia urged the Saskatchewan College of Physicians and Surgeons to launch an investigation into Heilman's posting of the images. Heilman told CTV News that "The psychological community is trying to exclude everybody outside their field from taking part in discussions related to what they do. And personally, I think that's bad science."[42] An extensive debate ensued on Wikipedia, and the images were kept.[39]

Textbook plagiarism of Wikipedia

In 2012, Heilman noticed that the book Understanding and Management of Special Child in Pediatric Dentistry, published by Jaypee Brothers, contained a long passage about HIV that was plagiarized from Wikipedia's article on the subject.[25] This subsequently led to the book being withdrawn by the publisher.[43]

Im Oktober 2014, while reading a copy of the Oxford Textbook of Zoonoses (published by Oxford University Press), Heilman noticed that the book's section on Ebola was very similar to the Wikipedia page on that subject.[22] He initially suspected that a Wikipedia editor had copied the portion but later noticed that the part of the Wikipedia article that resembled the part of the textbook had been written in 2006 and 2010, while the textbook had not been published until 2011.[22] Christian Purdy, an Oxford University Press spokesperson, acknowledged that some of the text in the textbook had been copied but described it as an "inadvertent omission of an appropriate attribution" rather than plagiarism.[22]

Tenure on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees

Im Juni 2015, Heilman was elected by the community to the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees.[9] In Dezember 2015, the board removed Heilman from his position as a Trustee,[10][44] a decision that generated substantial controversy amongst members of the Wikipedia community.[45] A statement released by the board declared the lack of confidence of his fellow trustees in him as the reasons for his ousting. Heilman later stated that he "was given the option of resigning [by the board] over the last few weeks. As a community elected member I see my mandate as coming from the community which elected me and thus declined to do so. I saw such a move as letting down those who elected me."[46] He subsequently pointed out that while on the board, he had pushed for greater transparency regarding the Wikimedia Foundation's controversial Knowledge Engine project and its financing,[47] and indicated that his attempts to make public the Knight Foundation grant for the engine had been a factor in his dismissal.[48]

The volunteer community re-elected him to the Wikimedia Foundation board in 2017.[49]

Other

In 2012, Heilman was one of two Wikimedia contributors sued by Internet Brands for shifting freely licensed content and volunteer editors from the for-profit site Wikitravel to the non-profit site Wikivoyage. The Wikimedia Foundation defended Heilman's actions in the lawsuit, citing volunteer freedom of choice.[50][51] Im Februar 2013 the parties settled their litigation.[52] 2014 Heilman criticized a study which concluded that 9 out of 10 Wikipedia medical articles contained errors.[5][53][54] 2015 the Atlantic ran a piece about conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia which detailed Heilman's efforts to counteract edits made by employees of Medtronic to the Wikipedia page for percutaneous vertebroplasty.[22] In 2017, Vice also ran an article about conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia, in which the author noted that Heilman had vocally called on the Wikimedia Foundation to increase its enforcement of Wikipedia's policy against undisclosed paid editing.[55]

Personal life

Heilman enjoys running ultramarathons and adventure racing.[17][56] He and his girlfriend ran the Gobi March in 2008.[57] He has also run the Marathon des Sables, the Adventure Racing World Championships,[16] and the Saskatchewan Marathon.[58]

Wikipedia-related publications

  • James M. Heilman, Eckhard Kemmann, Michael Bonert, Anwesh Chatterjee, Brent Ragar, Graham M. Beards, David J. Iberri, Matthew Harvey, Brendan Thomas, Wouter Stomp, Michael F. Martone, Daniel J. Lodge, Andrea Vondracek, Jacob F. de Wolff, Casimir Liber, Samir C. Grover, Tim J. Vickers, Bertalan Meskó, Michaël R. Laurent: Wikipedia: A key tool for global public health promotion. |journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research |date=31 January 2011 |volume=13 |issue=1 |page=e14 |doi=10.2196/jmir.1589 |display-authors=4 |pmc=3221335 |pmid=21282098
  • James Heilman: Why we should all edit Wikipedia|journal=University of British Columbia Medical Journal|date=September 2011|volume=3|issue=1|pages=32–33|url=http://med-fom-ubcmj.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2015/11/ubcmj_3_1_2011_32-33.pdf%7Caccessdate=29 December 2015
  • Mathew |first1=Manu |last2=Joseph |first2=Anna |last3=Heilman |first3=James |last4=Tharyan |first4=Prathap |title=Cochrane and Wikipedia: The collaborative potential for a quantum leap in the dissemination and uptake of trusted evidence |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=10 |issue=10 |page=ED000069 |date=22 October 2013 |url=http://www.thecochranelibrary.com/details/editorial/5342961/Cochrane-and-Wikipedia-the-collaborative-potential-for-a-quantum-leap-in-the-dis.html |doi=10.1002/14651858.ED000069 |pmid=24475488 |access-date=June 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018035524/http://www.thecochranelibrary.com/details/editorial/5342961/Cochrane-and-Wikipedia-the-collaborative-potential-for-a-quantum-leap-in-the-dis.html |archive-date=October 18, 2014
  • [http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewFile/562/564 |title=Dengue fever: a Wikipedia clinical review |last=Heilman |first=James M. |journal=Open Medicine |date=October 2014 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=105–15 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006143925/http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewFile/562/564 |archivedate=6 October 2014
  • James M. Heilman, West |first2=Andrew G |title=Wikipedia and Medicine: Quantifying Readership, Editors, and the Significance of Natural Language |journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research |date=4 March 2015 |volume=17 |issue=3 |page=e62 |doi=10.2196/jmir.4069 |pmc=4376174 |pmid=25739399
  • James M. Heilman: Open Access to a High-Quality, Impartial, Point-of-Care Medical Summary Would Save Lives: Why Does It Not Exist? |journal=PLoS Medicine |date=August 2015 |volume=12 |issue=8 |page=e1001868 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001868 |pmc=4549298|pmid=26305335
  • D. Bresler, Leon|first3=A|last4=Maggio|first4=L|last5=Whitaker|first5=E|last6=Heilman|first6=J|last7=Orlowitz|first7=J|last8=Swisher|first8=V|last9=Rasberry|first9=L|displayauthors=6|date=13 September 2016|title=Why Medical Schools Should Embrace Wikipedia: Final-Year Medical Student Contributions to Wikipedia Articles for Academic Credit at One School|url=|journal=Academic Medicine|volume=92|issue=2|pages= 194–200|via=|last1=Azzam|first1=A|last10=Otoide|first10=K|last11=Trotter|first11=F|last12=Ross|first12=W|last13=McCue|first13=JD|doi=10.1097/ACM.0000000000001381|pmid=27627633|pmc=5265689
  • Gwinyai Masukume, Kipersztok |first2=L |last3=Das |first3=D |last4=Shafee |first4=TM |last5=Laurent |first5=MR |last6=Heilman |first6=JM |title=Medical journals and Wikipedia: a global health matter |journal=The Lancet Global Health |date=November 2016 |volume=4 |issue=11 |page=e791 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30254-6 |pmid=27765289
  • Thomas Shafee, Masukume |first2=Gwinyai |last3=Kipersztok |first3=Lisa |last4=Das |first4=Diptanshu |last5=Häggström |first5=Mikael |last6=Heilman |first6=James |date=2017-08-28 |title=Evolution of Wikipedia's medical content: past, present and future |journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |volume=71 |issue=11 |pages=1122–1129 |doi=10.1136/jech-2016-208601 |pmid=28847845|pmc=5847101

See also

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e f Fiona Fleck: Online encyclopedia provides free health info for all. In: Bulletin of the World Health Organization. World Health Organization 1. Januar 2013, vol. 91, 1: 8–9. doi=10.2471/BLT.13.030113 pmc=3537258 pmid=23397345
  2. a b Mark Mcneil: Wikipedia makes a house call to Mac. In: The Spec. 4. Oktober 2011.
  3. a b Cohen, Noam: Wikipedia Emerges as Trusted Internet Source for Ebola Information. In: The New York Times, 26 October 2014. 
  4. Lex Berko: Medical Students Can Now Earn Credit for Editing Wikipedia. In: Vice 2013.
  5. a b Stephens, Pippa: Trust your doctor, not Wikipedia, say scientists. In: BBC News. 28 May 2014. Abgerufen im 9 December 2014.
  6. Maria Trujillo: Wikipedia and Higher Education – The Infinite Possibilities. In: University of British Columbia. 25. November 2011. Abgerufen am 9. Januar 2014.
  7. Juliana Bunim: UCSF First U.S. Medical School to Offer Credit For Wikipedia Articles. In: University of California, San Francisco. Abgerufen am 12. Januar 2014.
  8. Beck, Julie: Doctors' #1 Source for Healthcare Information: Wikipedia. In: The Atlantic. 5. März 2014. Abgerufen am 1. August 2015.
  9. a b Varnum, Gregory: Wikimedia Foundation Board election results are in. In: Wikimedia blog. 5. Juni 2015. Abgerufen am 11. Juni 2015.
  10. a b Resolution:James Heilman Removal. In: Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. 28. Dezember 2015. Abgerufen am 29. Dezember 2015.
  11. Torsten Kleinz: Wikimedia Foundation feuert Vorstandsmitglied. Heise Online. 29. Dezember 2015. Abgerufen am 1. Januar 2016.
  12. Katie Chan, Joe Sutherland: Results from the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections. In: Wikimedia blog . Wikimedia Foundation. 20. Mai 2017. Abgerufen am 13. Juli 2017: „The results from this year’s community selection of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees are in! Congratulations to María Sefidari (User:Raystorm), Dariusz Jemielniak (User:pundit), and James Heilman (User:Doc James) for receiving the most community support. They will begin the three-year terms being filled through this process after they are officially appointed by the current trustees, which will occur at their August meeting at Wikimania 2017.“
  13. James Heilman, MD, CCFP-EM. University of British Columbia. Abgerufen am 19. April 2016.
  14. McClurg, Lesley: Should You Use Wikipedia for Medical Information?. In: KQED. 3. November 2016. Archiviert vom Original am 5. November 2016. Abgerufen am 4. November 2016.
  15. a b Katherine Laidlaw: Is Google Making Us Sick?. In: Reader's Digest. September 2013. Abgerufen am 9. Januar 2014.
  16. a b c Board of Trustees. Wikimedia Foundation. Abgerufen am 20. August 2015.
  17. a b c d White|first=Patrick|title=Rorschach and Wikipedia: The battle of the inkblots|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/rorschach-and-wikipedia-the-battle-of-the-inkblots/article4280876/%7Caccessdate=12 January 2014|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=29. Juli 2009
  18. Sally MacDonald: Five family doctors closing down their Cranbrook practices. In: Cranbrook Daily Townsman . 16. Juni 2014.
  19. Beck, Julie: Can Wikipedia Ever Be a Definitive Medical Text?. In: The Atlantic. 7. Mai 2014. Abgerufen am 30. März 2015.
  20. How doctors are working to improve Wikipedia's accuracy. In: The Advisory Board Company . 15. November 2016.
  21. Murray, Terry: WikiProject Medicine Making Progress. 187, Nr. 4, 27 January 2015, S. 245. doi:10.1503/cmaj.109-4982. PMID 25646285. PMC 4347770 (freier Volltext). Abgerufen im 30 January 2015.
  22. a b c d e Pinsker, Joe: The Covert World of People Trying to Edit Wikipedia—for Pay. In: The Atlantic. 11 August 2015. Abgerufen im 11 August 2015.
  23. JM Heilman, AG West: Wikipedia and medicine: quantifying readership, editors, and the significance of natural language.. In: Journal of Medical Internet Research. 17, Nr. 3, 4 March 2015, S. e62. doi:10.2196/jmir.4069. PMID 25739399. PMC 4376174 (freier Volltext).
  24. Brooks, Jon: Wikipedia Handles Fake News With Humans, Not Algorithms. In: KQED. 22 December 2016. Abgerufen am 4. Juni 2017.
  25. a b Noam Cohen: Book That Plagiarized From Wikipedia Is Pulled From Market. In: New York Times, 12 June 2012. Abgerufen im 14 January 2014. 
  26. Sarah Teigen: Medical translations for minority languages Archiviert vom Original am January 12, 2014. October–November 2012. Abgerufen im 12 January 2014.
  27. Lien Yeung: Wikipedia's medical errors and one doctor's fight to correct them, CBC News. 21 August 2014. 
  28. Sankin, Aaron: Doctors prescribe better editors for Wikipedia—themselves. In: The Daily Dot. 1 October 2013. Abgerufen im 6 April 2015.
  29. Ritger, Clara: Wikipedia Is a Massively Popular (Yet Untested) Doctor. In: National Journal. 20 February 2014. Abgerufen im 21 September 2014.
  30. Reisz, Matthew: Wikimania: student medics get credit for webside manner. In: Times Higher Education. 14 August 2014. Abgerufen im 12 January 2015.
  31. Ebola virus disease. In: World Health Organization.
  32. Ebola (Ebola virus disease). In: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. August 3, 2018.
  33. Judd, Amy: B.C. doctor part of team editing popular Wikipedia page on Ebola. In: Global News. 14 November 2014. Abgerufen im 7 February 2015.
  34. Sluizer, Jan: Medical Students Learn to Treat Ailing Wikipedia Entries. In: Voice of America. 3 December 2014. Archiviert vom Original am 25 December 2014. Abgerufen im 19 April 2015.
  35. a b Keeping the facts straight. In: Cranbrook Daily Townsman. 20 November 2014. Archiviert vom Original am September 23, 2015. Abgerufen im 13 August 2015.
  36. Moose Jaw Doctor won't back down. In: mjtimes.sk.ca. Archiviert vom Original am February 4, 2016. Abgerufen am 1. September 2015.
  37. Sample|first=Ian|title=Testing times for Wikipedia after doctor posts secrets of the Rorschach inkblots|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/jul/29/rorschach-answers-wikipedia%7Caccessdate=12. Januar 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=29. Juli 2009
  38. a b =Sask. MD's Wikipedia posting of ink blots angers psychologists. |work=CBC News, 31. Juli 2009 |accessdate=9. Januar 2014
  39. a b A Rorschach Cheat Sheet on Wikipedia? |work=The New York Times |date=28. Juli 2009 |accessdate=9. Januar 2014 |last=Cohen |first = Noam
  40. Psychologists see red over inkblot test posting. In: CTV News. 31. Juli 2009. Abgerufen am 22. August 2015.
  41. Complaint Over Doctor Who Posted Inkblot Test. |work=New York Times |accessdate=10. Januar 2014 |last=Cohen |first = Noam |date = 23. August 2009.
  42. B.C. College calls for Rorschach action. |work=The Globe and Mail |date=3. September 2009 |accessdate=30. November 2014 |author=Canadian Press
  43. Mangalore professor in plagiarism row. In: New Indian Express. 11. November 2013. Abgerufen am 21. August 2015.
  44. [Wikimedia-l Announcement about changes to the Board]. In: wikimedia.org. Abgerufen am 7. Januar 2016.
  45. Andrew Lih: Wikipedia just turned 15 years old. Will it survive 15 more? In: The Washington Post, 15. Januar 2016.
  46. Orlowski, Andrew: Wikimedia Foundation bins community-elected trustee. In: The Register. 12. Januar 2016. Abgerufen am 27. Januar 2016.
  47. Thierry Noisette: Crise à la fondation Wikimedia: sa directrice démissionne. In: Nouvel Observateur.
  48. Koebler, Jason: The Secret Search Engine Tearing Wikipedia Apart. In: Vice. 15. Februar 2016. Abgerufen am 29. Februar 2016.
  49. Kolbe, Andreas: Golden handshakes of almost half a million at Wikimedia Foundation. In: The Register. 7 June 2017. Abgerufen im 10 October 2017.
  50. Noam Cohen: Travel Site Built on Wiki Ethos Now Bedevils Its Owner. In: New York Times 9. September 2012.
  51. Kevin Morris: Wikimedia announces travel site, launches countersuit against competitor. In: The Daily Dot, 6. September 2012
  52. Steven Musil: Wikimedia, Internet Brands settle Wikivoyage lawsuits. In: CNET. 17. Februar 2013. Abgerufen am 20. Januar 2014.
  53. Lesley McClurg: Should I Trust Wikipedia With My Health?. In: NPR . 8. November 2016. Abgerufen am 9. September 2017.
  54. Anwesh Chatterjee, Robin M.T. Cooke, Ian Furst, James Heilman: Is Wikipedia's medical content really 90% wrong?. In: Cochrane Collaboration. 23. Juni 2014. Abgerufen im 9 December 2014.
  55. Oliver Lee Bateman: Wikipedia Is Being Ripped Apart By a Witch Hunt For Secretly Paid Editors. In: Motherboard . 1. Februar 2017. Abgerufen am 10. Oktober 2017.
  56. O'Meara, Dina: Mind over mountain. In: Western Standard. 24. April 2006. Archiviert vom Original am 2 April 2015. Abgerufen im 20 March 2015.
  57. Surviving the Gobi march. In: Moose Jaw Times-Herald. 4 July 2008. Archiviert vom Original am April 2, 2015. Abgerufen im 20 March 2015.
  58. 28th Annual Saskatchewan Marathon. In: Saskatoon StarPhoenix. 29. Mai 2006. Archiviert vom Original am 4 February 2016. Abgerufen im 22 August 2015.

Weblinks


{{Personendaten |NAME= Heilman, James |ALTERNATIVNAMEN= |KURZBESCHREIBUNG= kanadischer Notfallmediziner und Wikipedia-Mitarbeiter |GEBURTSDATUM= 1979 /1980 |GEBURTSORT= |STERBEDATUM= |STERBEORT= }} Kategorie:20th-century births Kategorie:21st-century Canadian physicians Kategorie:Articles containing video clips Kategorie:Canadian emergency physicians Kategorie:Canadian encyclopedists Kategorie:Canadian health activists Kategorie:Canadian hospital administrators Kategorie:Canadian male long-distance runners Kategorie:Canadian ultramarathon runners Kategorie:Living people Kategorie:Male ultramarathon runners Kategorie:People from Cranbrook, British Columbia Kategorie:University of British Columbia faculty Kategorie:University of Saskatchewan alumni Kategorie:WikiJournal of Medicine Kategorie:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees members Kategorie:Wikipedia people Kategorie:Year of birth missing (living people) Kategorie:Year of birth uncertain