Benutzer:Shi Annan/Menelik Shabazz

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Menelik Shabazz (geb. 30. Mai 1954; gest. 28. Juni 2021)[1][2] war ein britischer Filmdirektor, Prodzuent, Pädagoge und Schriftsteller aus Barbados. Er galt als Pionier in der Entwicklung eines unabhängigen Black British Cinema[3] Er prägte über mehr als 30 Jahre lang die zeitgenössische britisch Filmlandschaft. Shabazz bekanntester Film ist Burning an Illusion (1981). Er war auch Mitbegründer in den 1980ern der Kuumba Film Production Company und von Ceddo Film and Video Workshop, sowie der „Gründungsvater“ des BFM media project (Black Filmmaker Media Project)[4] als Herausgeber des Black Filmmaker Magazine (BFM) und Initiator des BFM International Film Festival.[5]

Leben

Jugend

Shabazz wurde 1954 in St. John, Barbados, geboren. Seine Familie immigrated to the United Kingdom when he was five years old.[6] He had watched mobile cinema in his village as a child, and at the age of 18 began to think about making films after being introduced to Sony's first portable video technology while studying at North London College.[7] He enrolled at the London International Film School in 1974, and though unable to attend for long, because he did not receive a "discretionary grant" from his local borough council, "he was able to grasp important knowledge, confidence and inspiration to move forward as a filmmaker."[7][8]

Filme

Step Forward Youth und Breaking Point

In 1976 Shabazz directed Step Forward Youth, a 30-minute documentary about London-born black youths, after which he worked in commercial television, directing Breaking Point (for ATV, 1978),[9] which was shown on prime-time TV and contributed to the repeal of the Sus law that was being used to criminalize Black youth.[10]

Burning an Illusion

Shabazz's first feature-length film was Burning an Illusion, which he wrote and directed with financial support from the British Film Institute (BFI). It was released to acclaim in 1981 and was called "one of the most important feature films ever made in Britain".[11] About a young woman's love life, and mostly shot in London's Notting Hill and Ladbroke Grove communities,[12] it was "the first British film to give a black woman a voice of any kind".[13] It was only the second British feature to have been made by a black director, following Horace Ové's 1975 Pressure.[14][15] Burning an Illusion won the Grand Prix at the Amiens International Film Festival in France,[16] and its star Cassie McFarlane won the Evening Standard Award for "Most Promising New Actress".[17]

Blood Ah Go Run

Blood Ah Go Run, made in 1981, documents the response of the Black community to the New Cross fire, including the "Black People's Day of Action"—in the words of Assata Shakur, "Superbly captured by the filmmaker Menelik Shabazz, collectively as we marched past Fleet Street, the city of London was brought to a standstill"[18]—and the subsequent uprising in Brixton.[19]

Kuumba and Ceddo productions

1982, Shabazz co-founded Kuumba Productions with Imruh Bakari and Henry Martin to provide an outlet for independent film projects, and produced for Channel 4 the drama Big George is Dead (1983), directed by Henry Martin, and the documentary I am Not Two Islands.[8]

1984, with founding members including Bakari, Lazell Daley and Milton Bryan,[20] Shabazz also formed Ceddo Film and Video Workshop, a franchised collective that produced films for Channel 4,[21] through which he wrote and directed the docu-drama Time and Judgement, telling the history of the struggles of the Black community across the world by using newsreel footage.[8][9] Ceddo produced a number of documentaries, including Street Warriors (1985), The People's Account (1987) and Omega Rising – Women of Rastafari. His vision for Ceddo was "to empower black film production, training and film screenings".[22] Funded by Channel 4 and the British Film Institute, Ceddo carried out groundbreaking film production and community training initiatives, and hosted a number of screenings with filmmakers, such as Spike Lee (School Daze)."[7]

Catch a Fire (1996)

1996, as part of the six-part BBC Education series Hidden Empire, he made the drama documentary Catch A Fire about the life of Paul Bogle and the 1865 Morant Bay Rebellion. It includes an interview Shabazz made with Bogle's great-grandson Philip Bogle (who died the following year), whom Shabazz met while visiting Jamaica with historian Cecil Gutzmore.[10]

The Story of Lover's Rock (2011)

In 2011 Shabazz's film in the "romantic reggae" genre, entitled The Story Of Lover's Rock (which was inspired by an announcement of the Lovers Rock Gala Awards organised by Castro Brown),[23] was one of the highest grossing documentaries in UK cinemas.[24][25] He described it as a "fusion documentary": "It looks at lover's rock through interviews, comedy, live performance, dance and archive footage. It tells the story of its south London origins to success in Japan and becoming a global brand. In between, we look at the underground scene around the music – its intimate dance, the soundsystems, the social backdrop in the volatile era of the 70s and 80s – as well as the lack of mainstream success in the UK."[26]

Looking for Love (2015)

His final film Looking for Love (largely self-funded),[27] an insightful look into the lives and loves of singletons in the digital era, made its debut at the BFI in May 2015 to a sold-out audience,[28] and in August went on to national release in key UK cinemas, including: Vue Cinemas in Shepherds Bush, Birmingham and Westfield Stratford; Tricycle Theatre, Kilburn; Hackney Picturehouse; Ritzy Cinema; Dalston Rio (with a Director Q&A on 22 August); Streatham Odeon, and Midlands Arts Centre.[29][30]

It was generally well received, with The Guardian reviewer finding it "engaging and sympathetic",[31] and others calling it "humorous, yet educational",[32] and commenting that its approach to gender relationships in the black community "opens a long overdue debate".[33] The British Black list found it "both edifying and important", going on to say: "Unsurprisingly, Looking For Love does not have all the answers but cleverly points the fingers back in the right direction",[34] while the film critic of The Observer stated: "Interviews, poetry, dance and music combine in Menelik Shabazz's frank, funny and accessible account of heterosexual modern love. Focusing on the first-hand experiences of the black British community – from young singletons out and about at carnival to a couple who have been married for 50 years – this shoestring-budget doc lends a non-judgmental ear to opinions that range from the eye-opening to the jaw-dropping. A tighter edit may have reined in some of the woollier psychobabble, but the desire to place abusive relationships within a wider historical context (slavery, emasculation etc) pays dividends. Comedians lend mouthy pizzazz but it's the ordinary tales that tell the greatest truths."[35]

Educational work

Shabazz lectured and conducted workshops internationally, including in the Caribbean and throughout the UK and US at such venues and educational institutions as the National Film and Television School, University of Southampton, University of Leeds, University of North East London, University of Westminster, London International Film School, British Film Institute, New York University and Howard University.[36] Some of his work (including The Story of Lover's Rock, Step Forward Youth, Breaking Point, Blood Ah Go Run, Catch a Fire, Time and Judgement, Burning an Illusion and Looking for Love) are available on DVD.[37]

Black Filmmaker Magazine and bfm International Film Festival

In 1998, Shabazz founded Black Filmmaker Magazine (bfm), the first black film publication aimed at the global black filmmaking industry, and over the next decade the publication was distributed in Europe and the US.[7][36] In 1999 he started the bfm International Film Festival as a platform for screening black world cinema and to inspire British talent, which became the biggest of its kind in Europe.[7] He said: "BFM was the outcome of my frustrations in the film industry. I wanted to channel that anger into something positive which initially started as a magazine (Black Filmmaker) and the intention to pass on information to the next generation about the film industry. One thing that was happening at the time was a lack of young people entering into the industry on a consistent level. The magazine was an interface between industry and filmmakers and out of the initiative developed the Black Filmmaker International Film Festival."[4]

Personal life

Shabazz died on 28 June 2021 in Zimbabwe. He was 67, and suffered from complications of diabetes prior to his death.[6] According to his obituary in The Guardian, in April 2021 he had begun shooting a new feature film called The Spirits Return, which was a project "hatched during lockdown in Zimbabwe ... an ancestral love story about Nubia, a British woman who visits Zimbabwe searching for her cultural and ancestral roots."[6]

Selected filmography

  • 1977: Step Forward Youth—30-minute documentary (director)[38]
  • 1978: Breaking Point – The Sus Law Controversy—38 minutes (ATV)[38]
  • 1981: Burning an Illusion—feature, 107 minutes (writer and director)[38][39]
  • 1981: Blood Ah Go Run—20-minute newsreel (co-director with Imruh Caesar)[38]
  • 1988: Time and Judgement—sci-documentary (director; Channel 4)[38]
  • 1996: Catch a Fire—30-minute docu-drama (part of Hidden Empire series, BBC 2)[38]
  • 2011: The Story of Lover's Rock—romantic reggae (director)[38][39]
  • 2015: Looking for Love—documentary, 115 minutes (director/producer)[38][40][41]
  • 2018: HEAT—pilot TV drama[42]
  • 2019: Pharaohs Unveiled—feature documentary (director, writer; SunRa Pictures)[43][44]

Awards and acknowledgement

  • 1982: Grand Prix at the Amiens International Film Festival, for Burning an Illusion[16]
  • 1996: Prize Pieces Award from National Black Programming Consortium, US, for Catch a Fire[36][45]
  • 2011: The Story of Lover's Rock is "one of the highest grossing documentaries in UK cinemas" of the year.[24]
  • 2012: Jury award for Best Documentary at the Trinidad International Film Festival, for The Story of Lover's Rock[7]

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Tribute: Menelik Shabazz the award winning Film Director and pioneer of contemporary Black British cinema dies age 67 in Zimbabwe. alt-africa.com.
  2. ↑ Pioneering film-maker Menelik Shabazz dies. The Voice voice-online.co.uk 29. Juni 2021
  3. ↑ Menelik Shabazz IMDb.com.
  4. ↑ a b "'There needs to be more recognition of the inequality that exists within the film industry'—The PPH Interview: Menelik Shabazz", Permanent Plastic Helmet, 2011.
  5. ↑ Sergio: Crowdfund This: 'Looking for Love' - Menelik Shabazz’s New Documentary on Black Love & Relationships. Shadow & Act 25. November 2014.
  6. ↑ a b c Andrew Pulver: Menelik Shabazz, pioneering black British film-maker, dies aged 67. In: The Guardian. theguardian.com, London 29. June 2021.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f "The Story of Menelik Shabazz", official website.
  8. ↑ a b c "Menelik Shabazz", The British Blacklist.
  9. ↑ a b "Menelik Shabazz", Arts-Barbados.
  10. ↑ a b Menelik Shabazz: Stories behind the films | Menelik Shabazz. Archiviert vom Original am 25. Juli 2018. Abgerufen am 2. Juli 2021.
  11. ↑ Ishmahil Blagrove, Jr, "The Godfather of Black British Film" (interview with Menelik Shabazz), RiceNPeas.com, 1 November 2007.
  12. ↑ Ade Solanke, "Burning an Illusion (1981)", BFI Screenonline.
  13. ↑ Stephen Bourne, Black in the British Frame: The Black Experience in British Film and Television, A&C Black, 2005, p. 202.
  14. ↑ Burning an Illusion, DVD Video Review, 1 September 2005.
  15. ↑ Marva Jackson Lord, Griots.net (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar)
  16. ↑ a b 2nd Uhuru International Black Film Festival, University of Reading. October 2016. Abgerufen im 29 June 2021. 
  17. ↑ Burning an Illusion (DVD). British Film Institute. Abgerufen im 29 June 2021.
  18. ↑ Toyin Agbetu: Lessons from the New Cross Fire - 30 Years on, Ligali. 18 January 2011. Abgerufen im 2 July 2021. 
  19. ↑ "Blood a Go Run" at Legacy Media Institute International Film Festival.
  20. ↑ [https://secondsightessays.co.uk/the-peoples-account-milton-bryan/%7Ctitle=About The People's Account and Ceddo Film and Video Workshop|website=Second Sight|access-date=2 July 2021}}
  21. ↑ [http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/569785/%7Ctitle=Ceddo%7Cdate= |accessdate=1 January 2016 |website= |publisher=BFI Screenonline |author=Ann Ogidi
  22. ↑ [https://menelikshabazz.co.uk/about-menelik-shabazz/%7Ctitle=About%7Cwebsite=Menelik Shabazz
  23. ↑ Xavier Murphy: "A conversation with Menelik Shabazz the creator, director and producer of the documentary film Lovers Rock", Jamaicans.com, 23 January 2012.
  24. ↑ a b "Menelik Shabazz – If it was all about getting the money then a lot of films would never get made", The Break-Up Recipe, 5 June 2015.
  25. ↑ "Looking for Love – New Film by Menelik Shabazz", itzcaribbean, 21 July 2015.
  26. ↑ David Katz, "Lover's rock: the story of reggae's Motown", The Guardian, 22 September 2011.
  27. ↑ "Support My New Film Looking For Love"Bitte entweder wayback- oder webciteID- oder archive-is- oder archiv-url-Parameter angeben, Menelik Shabazz.
  28. ↑ "Looking For Love"Bitte entweder wayback- oder webciteID- oder archive-is- oder archiv-url-Parameter angeben at Vue Big Screen Entertainment.
  29. ↑ Press: Cinemas to screen Looking for Love in August 2015, Ligali. 23 July 2015. Abgerufen im 2 July 2021. 
  30. ↑ "Menelik Shabazz's 'LOOKING FOR LOVE' gets general UK cinema release from 21st August 2015"Bitte entweder wayback- oder webciteID- oder archive-is- oder archiv-url-Parameter angeben, Blacknet, 4 August 2015.
  31. ↑ Peter Bradshaw, "Looking for Love review – engaging documentary about dating—Menelik Shabazz's exploration of relationships in the UK's black British community is laidback and likable", The Guardian, 20 August 2015.
  32. ↑ "Looking for Love film review", tiemotalkofthetown, 9 October 2015.
  33. ↑ "Looking for Love (2015)", Filmuforia, 16 August 2015.
  34. ↑ TBB's Kunga Dred Reviews 'Looking For Love' by Menelik Shabazz « The British Blacklist. In: The British Blacklist . Archiviert vom Original am 11. Oktober 2016. Abgerufen am 2. Juli 2021.
  35. ↑ Mark Kermode, "Looking for Love review – from eye-opening to jaw-dropping—A frank, funny documentary tells ordinary tales to chronicle the state of modern love in the black British community", The Observer, 23 August 2015.
  36. ↑ a b c "The Diaspora Arts Festival: Guest Artists", The Errol Barrow Centre for Creative Imagination, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.
  37. ↑ "The Film Collection"Bitte entweder wayback- oder webciteID- oder archive-is- oder archiv-url-Parameter angeben, Menelik Shabazz website.
  38. ↑ a b c d e f g h Menelik Shabazz. British Film Institute. Abgerufen im 29 June 2021.
  39. ↑ a b Menelik Shabazz. In: Rotten Tomatoes . Abgerufen im 29 June 2021.
  40. ↑ "Looking for Love" at VivaVerve.
  41. ↑ Looking for Love website.
  42. ↑ HEAT - The Full TV Pilot auf Vimeo. Uploaded on Wednesday, December 12, 2018.
  43. ↑ Pharaohs Unveiled website.
  44. ↑ Joanna Gravett: World premier of Pharaohs Unveiled documentary coming to Luton. In: Luton Today, 1 August 2019. Abgerufen im 2 July 2021. 
  45. ↑ "Menelik Shabazz" at Nommo Speaker's Bureau.


[[Kategorie: [[Kategorie:Geboren 1954]] [[Kategorie:Gestorben 2021]] [[Kategorie:Mann]] {{Personendaten |NAME= Shabazz, Menelik |ALTERNATIVNAMEN= |KURZBESCHREIBUNG= Filmemacher aus Barbados |GEBURTSDATUM= 1954 |GEBURTSORT= |STERBEDATUM= 2021 |STERBEORT= }} [[Category:English film producers]] [[Category:Barbadian emigrants to England]] [[Category:Film directors from London]] [[Category:Black British filmmakers]] [[Category:British documentary film directors]] [[Category:People from Saint John, Barbados]] [[Category:Alumni of the London Film School]] [[Category:Barbadian film people]] [[Category:Deaths from diabetes]] [[Category:British educators]] [[Category:Magazine publishers (people)]] [[Category:Black British cinema]]

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