Benutzer:Thyriel/Yamato 000593

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Vorlage:Infobox meteorite Yamato 000593 (or Y000593) is the second largest meteorite from Mars found on Earth.[1][2][3] Studies suggest the Martian meteorite was formed about 1.3 billion years ago from a lava flow on Mars. An impact occurred on Mars about 12 million years ago and ejected the meteorite from the Martian surface into space. The meteorite landed on Earth in Antarctica about 50,000 years ago. The mass of the meteorite is Vorlage:Convert and has been found to contain evidence of past water alteration.[1][2][3][4]

At a microscopic level, spheres are found in the meteorite that are rich in carbon compared to surrounding areas that lack such spheres. The carbon-rich spheres and the observed micro-tunnels may have been formed by biotic activity, according to NASA scientists.[1][2][3]

Discovery and naming

The 41st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE) found the meteorite in late December 2000 on the Yamato Glacier at the Queen Fabiola Mountains, Antarctica.[1][5]

Description

The mass of the meteorite is Vorlage:Convert.[1] It is an unbrecciated cumulus igneous rock consisting predominantly of elongated augite crystals —a solid solution in the pyroxene group.[5] Japanese scientists from the National Institute of Polar Research reported in 2003 that the meteorite contains iddingsite, which forms from the weathering of basalt in the presence of liquid water.[5] In addition, NASA researchers reported in February 2014 that they also found carbon-rich spheres encased in multiple layers of iddingsite, as well as microtubular features emanating from iddingsite veins displaying curved, undulating shapes consistent with bio-alteration textures observed in terrestrial basaltic glass.[1] However, the scientific consensus is that "morphology alone cannot be used unambiguously as a tool for primitive life detection."[6][7][8] Interpretation of morphology is notoriously subjective, and its use alone has led to numerous errors of interpretation.[6] According to the NASA team, the presence of carbon and lack of corresponding cations is consistent with the occurrence of organic matter embedded in iddingsite.[2] The NASA researchers indicated that mass spectrometry may provide deeper insight into the nature of the carbon, and could distinguish between abiotic and biologic carbon incorporation and alteration.[2]

Classification

The Martian meteorite is an igneous rock classified as an achondrite type of the nakhlite group.[9][1]

Images

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See also

References

Vorlage:Reflist 

==External links==
*[http://curator.jsc.nasa.gov/antmet/mmc/Y000593.pdf Yamato meteorite] (PDF) The Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Office, NASA.

{{meteorites}}
{{Meteorites by name}}
{{Mars}}
{{Astrobiology}}
{{Extraterrestrial life}}
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[[Category:Astrobiology]]
[[Category:Martian meteorites]]
[[Category:Meteorites found in Antarctica]]
[[Category:Natural history of Antarctica]]
  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Guy Webster: NASA Scientists Find Evidence of Water in Meteorite, Reviving Debate Over Life on Mars. In: NASA. 27. Februar 2014. Abgerufen am 27. Februar 2014.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Lauren M. White, Everett K. Gibson, Kathie L. Thomnas-Keprta, Simon J. Clemett, David McKay: Putative Indigenous Carbon-Bearing Alteration Features in Martian Meteorite Yamato 000593. In: Astrobiology. 14, 19. Februar 2014, S. 170-181. doi:10.1089/ast.2011.0733. Abgerufen am 27. Februar 2014.
  3. ↑ a b c Megan Gannon: Mars Meteorite with Odd 'Tunnels' & 'Spheres' Revives Debate Over Ancient Martian Life. In: Space.com. 28. Februar 2014. Abgerufen am 28. Februar 2014.
  4. ↑ T. Mikouchi: Mineralogy and petrology of Yamato 000593: Comparison with other Martian nakhlite meteorites. In: Antarctic meteorite research. 16, March 2003, S. 34-57.
  5. ↑ a b c N. Imae: Yamato nahklites: Petrography and mineralogy. In: Antarctic Meteorite Research. 16, 2003, S. 13-33. Abgerufen am 1. März 2014.
  6. ↑ a b Morphological behavior of inorganic precipitation systems - Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology II. In: SPIE Proceedings. Proc. SPIE 3755, 30. Dezember 1999. doi:10.1117/12.375088. Abgerufen am 15. Januar 2013. „It is concluded that "morphology cannot be used unambiguously as a tool for primitive life detection."“
  7. ↑ Detection and geochemical characterization of Earth’s earliest life. In: NASA Astrobiology Institute, NASA, 3. Dezember 2008. Abgerufen am 15. Januar 2013. 
  8. ↑ Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils. (PDF) In: Precambrian Research. 158, 28. April 2007, S. 141–155. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009. Abgerufen am 15. Januar 2013.
  9. ↑ Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen Curation Office.
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