Benutzer:Uwe Lück/Räter etc./AntiQue

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Antike Quellen über die Räter

  • jfp.ch Übersicht Charakterisierungen
    • Cato? Dem Zitat nach eher in libri ad M. filium statt in de rustica.
    • Polybios? Es ist überhaupt nichts von ihm über Räter oder Como oder Verona oder Wein (in der Gegend) erhalten (Google auf penelope.uchicago.edu: Como, Verona, wine, grape, Raeti, Rhaetia, Rhati, rhaetic). Es fehlt hingegen, dass Strabon Polybios (Buch 34, Kap. VI) eine Erwähnung eines Alpenübergangs diá Rhaitõn zuschreibt.

Griechisch

  • Cassius Dio: Römische Geschichte
  • Strabon Geografie (Frei-Stolba S. 658: 7 v. Chr.):
    • IV, 3, 3 both Rhaeti Vindelici touch great lake; Adula, Addua, Rhaetic Alps (Fn.)
      The Rhenus, too, spreads into great marshes and a great lake, which lake is touched by the territory of both the Rhaeti and the Vindelici (certain of the peoples who live in the Alps and also beyond the Alps).
    • IV, 6, 6 Aufzählungen, Geografie, Grausamkeit:
      beyond Comum ... lie, on the one side, with its slope towards the east [Heuberger, Räter, S. 187 u.: Alpennordseite], the land of the Rhaeti and the Vennones, and, on the other, the land of the Lepontii, Tridentini, Stoni, and several other small tribes, brigandish and resourceless, which in former times held the upper hand in Italy; neue Alpenstraßen
    • IV, 6, 8 grausam: töten Schwangere ...
      Next, in order, come those parts of the mountains that are towards the east [Nord wie o.], and those that bend round towards the south: the Rhaeti and the Vindelici occupy them, and their territories join those of the Elvetii and the Boii; for their territories overlook the plains of those peoples. Now the Rhaeti reach down as far as that part of Italy which is above Verona and Comum (moreover, the "Rhaetic" wine, which has the repute of not being inferior to the approved wines of the Italic regions, is made in the foot-hills of the Rhaetic Alps), and also extend as far as the districts through which the Rhenus runs; the Lepontii, also, and Camuni, belong to this stock. But the Vindelici and Norici occupy the greater part of the outer side of the mountain, along with the Breuni and the Genauni, the two peoples last named being Illyrians. All these peoples used to overrun, from time to time, the neighbouring parts, not only of Italy, but also of the country of the Elvetii, the Sequani, the Boii and the Germans. The Licattii, the Clautenatii, and the Vennones proved to be the boldest warriors of all the Vindelici, as did the Rucantii and the Cotuantii of all the Rhaeti. The Estiones, also, belong to the Vindelici, and so do the Brigantii, and their cities, Brigantium and Cambodunum, and also Damasia, the acropolis, as it were, of the Licatii. The stories of the severity of these brigands towards the Italiotes are to this effect: When they capture a village or city, they not only murder all males from youths up but they also go on and kill the male infants, and they do not stop there either, but also kill all the pregnant women who their seers say are pregnant with male children.
    • IV, 6, 9
      Carni, Norici – all diese ... handeln mit "resin, pitch, torch-pine, wax, honey, and cheese"
      Tullum and Phligadia, the mountains which lie above the Vindelici, whence flow the Duras and Clanis and several other torrential rivers which join the stream of the Ister.
    • IV, 6, 12 Polybios über Alpenpass through the Rhaeti [Heuberger, Pauly-Wissowa: dia Rhaiton]
      But he only names four passes over the mountains: the pass through the Ligures (the one that is nearest the Tyrrhenian Sea), then that through the Taurini, which Hannibal crossed,224 then that through the Salassi, and the fourth, that through the Rhaeti,— all of them precipitous passes.
    • V, 1, 6 Kelten, Insubrer, Mediolanum, Brixia, Mantua, Regium, Verona, Como "üble Behandlung" durch Räter oberhalb, Kolonisten (Pompeius Strabo, Novum Comum)
    • VII, 1, 5 Hercynischer Wald, am Bodensee, Seeschlacht-Insel, Insubrer
    • VII, 5, 1
      So then, let me speak first of the Illyrian parts, which join the Ister and that part of the Alps which lies between Italy and Germany and begins at the lake which is near the country of the Vindelici, Rhaeti, and Toenii.
    • VII, 5, 2
      For if one passes over Mount Ocra from Aquileia to Nauportus, a settlement of the Taurisci, whither the wagons are brought, the distance is three hundred and fifty stadia, though some say five hundred. Now the Ocra is the lowest part of that portion of the Alps which extends from the country of the Rhaeti to that of the Iapodes. Then the mountains rise again, in the country of the Iapodes, and are called "Albian." In like manner, also, there is a pass which leads over Ocra from Tergeste, a Carnic village, to a marsh called Lugeum.

Römisch

  • Wikisource: Pompeii Trogi Libri XLIV – Quellen und Volltexte (Latein)
  • Wikisource: Livius Ab Urbe Condita – Quellen und Volltexte (Latein)
    • Buch V Kap. 33 lat.
    • dt. Kap. 33--35: (Konrad Heisenberg 1821)
      Kelten schon 600 v. Chr. in Oberitalien – Etrusker "Pflanzstadt Hadria" [Insubrer "frühe Eisenzeit" in HLS]
      Die Macht der Tusker nämlich erstreckte sich, vor der Römischen Oberherrschaft, weit über Land und Meer. Wie viel sie auf dem Oberen und Unteren Meere vermochten, welche Italien gleich einer Insel umgürten, beweisen schon die Namen, da letzteres bei den Völkerschaften Italiens nach dem Namen des Gesamtvolkes das Tuskermeer, und ersteres nach einer Pflanzstadt der Tusker, Hadria, das Hadriatische Meer heißt. Die Griechen nennen sie gleichfalls das Tyrrhenische und Hadriatische Meer.
      Bei dieser Aussicht auf beide Meere bewohnten sie ihr Land in zwölf Städten, zuerst diesseit des Apenninus bis ans Untermeer; nachher auch in den Ländern jenseit des Apenninus, wohin sie nach der Zahl ihrer Hauptstämme Pflanzungen ausgehen ließen, welche das ganze Land jenseit des Padus (Po) bis an die Alpen besetzten, den Winkel der Veneter ausgenommen, die den Meerbusen umwohnen. Auch die Alpenvölker haben unstreitig denselben Ursprung, vorzüglich die Räter, denen aber die Gegend selbst ihre Wildheit mittheilte und ihnen von allem Angeerbten nichts weiter übrig ließ, als den Klang der Sprache, und auch den nicht einmal unverfälscht.