Diskussion:Johann Stoltz

"Stoltz, Johann geb. ca. 1514 in Wittenberg, gest. 15.7.1556, luth. Theologe St. studierte in seiner Heimatstadt, wurde 1539 Diakon in Jessen und Prinzenerzieher am albertinischen Hof. 1540 setzte er sein Studium in Wittenberg fort und wurde 1544 Professor. 1547 ging er wegen des Krieges nach Weimar, wo er Hofprediger am ernestinischen Hof bei den Söhnen Johann Friedrichs wurde. St. beteiligte sich an dem Weimarer Gutachten über das Interim 1549 und war einer der Theologen, die die Stellungnahme zum osiandrischen Streit verfaßten. Er reiste auch 1552 nach Königsberg, um an den vergeblichen Ausgleichsverhandlungen teilzunehmen. 1554/55 führte er die Visitation in Thüringen durch und hatte maßgeblichen Einfluß auf die Jenaer Lutherausgabe. St. starb schon 1556. Postum erschien 1558 eine Refutatio der Lehre Johann Pfeffinger http://www.litdb.evtheol.uni-mainz.de/Biographien/Pfeffinger,%20Johann.htm (Memento vom 3. Juli 2007 im Internet Archive) vom freien Willen mit einer Vorrede seines langjährigen Adiunkts und Nachfolgers als Hofprediger, Johannes Aurifaber." Deutsches Biographisches Archiv (DBA): II 1273,214

Mag mir mal jemand verraten, wo man wie in der DBA sucht? Kyber 16:49, 12 November 2005 (CET)

Stoltz, Johann (Stolz; ca. 1514–56). B. Wittenberg, Ger.; educ. Wittenberg; diaconus Jessen; tutor August* (later elector Saxony); prof. Wittenberg 1544; court preacher Weimar 1547; opposed Interim.* Helped ed. the Jena ed. of M. Luther's works. See also Synergistic Controversy.

August, Elector of Saxony (1526–1586). Succeeded his brother Maurice in 1553; staunch Lutheran, but, hoodwinked by the Crypto-Calvinists, he deposed the true Lutherans who opposed the Calvinizing Wittenberg Catechism and the Dresden Consensus. When, however, Exegesis perspicua, by J. Cureus,* appeared in 1574, which actually attacked the Luth. doctrine of the Lord's Supper, he imprisoned the deceivers and spent 80,000 Taler to help bring into being the Book of Concord of 1580. See also Crypto-Calvinistic Controversy; Lutheran Confessions, C 2; Peucer, Kaspar.

Interim (from Lat. interim, “meanwhile”). Provisional agreement in religious matters until the next ch. council.

I. Augsburg Interim (June 30, 1548). Charles* V proposed a temporary armistice bet. RCs and Luths. and in February 1548 appointed a commission including J.v. Pflug,* M. Helding* (suffragan bp. Mainz 1537), and J. Agricola* to draft the terms. The draft, rev. by some Sp. monks, consisted of 26 articles: (1–2) Man before and after the fall; (3) Redemption; (4–6) Justification; (7) Love and good works; (8) Forgiveness of sins; (9–12) The church; (13) Bishops; (14–21) The sacraments; (22) Sacrifice of the mass; (23) Saints; (24) Commemoration of the dead; (25) Communion at mass; (26) Ceremonies of sacraments. Joachim II Hektor of Brandenburg (see Joachim, 2) and Frederick* II of the Palatinate approved; Ulrich of Württemberg (1487–1550) approved under pressure; Philip* of Hesse approved in hope of gaining release from prison thereby; John* Frederick of Saxony rejected it. Maurice* of Saxony and others were dissatisfied but did not protest. The emp. succeeded in enforcing the Interim in parts of S Ger., where many pastors, including J. Brenz* and M. Bucer,* were driven out. But there was vehement and successful opposition to it in the Palatinate, Brandenburg, Hesse, Saxony, Mecklenburg, Pomerania, and N Ger. cities led by Magdeburg. See also Adiaphoristic Controversies.

II. Leipzig* Interim. After his return from Augsburg, Maurice of Saxony consulted with his theologians and councillors, including C. Cruciger the Elder (see Cruciger, 1), J. v. Pflug, P. Melanchthon,* Johann VIII von Maltitz (bp. Meissen 1537–1549), George* III of Anhalt, J. Forster,* and P. Eber.* Proposals drafted and modified at inconclusive meetings in August at Pegau and October at Torgau were further considered in November at Altzella, near Nossen, Saxony, at a meeting attended also by J. Bugenhagen,* G. Major,* J. Camerarius,* H. Weller,* and A. Lauterbach*; an interim was drawn up which compromised the doctrine of justification and some other points, and which regarded as adiaphora* such things as extreme unction, confirmation, lights, vestments, images, fasts, and festivals. Maurice of Saxony and Joachim II of Brandenburg came to an agreement in December on the points they would be willing to accept and follow. Saxony accepted the Altzella terms at Leipzig December 1548 (hence the name Leipzig Interim); the bps. of Naumburg and Meissen dissented. The Brandenburg diet met January 1549.

Synergistic Controversy. In the 2d ed. of his Loci (1535), P. Melanchthon* taught 3 cooperating causes in conversion: (1) God's Word; (2) the Holy Spirit; (3) man's will not resisting God's Word. Like D. Erasmus,* he ascribed to man the ability to apply himself to grace. This synergistic view found expression in the Leipzig Interim* 1548. But controversy did not arise till J. Pfeffinger* formulated Melanchthonian theses on free* will 1555. J. Stoltz* countered with 110 theses 1556 and was supported by N. v. Amsdorf* and M. Flacius* Illyricus. V. Strigel* was imprisoned 1569 for opposing the 1568–69 Konfutationsbuch.* Synergism was debated at Weimar August 2–8, 1560 (see also Weimar, Colloquies and Conventions of); Strigel held that the unconverted had latent power to cooperate in conversion; Flacius opposed Strigel and was supported by all true Luths. and by the Philippists* of Wittenberg.

The Konfutationsbuch was now enforced so rigorously, esp. by J. Wigand* and M. Judex,* that John* Frederick II countered July 8, 1561, by depriving ministers of the right to excommunicate and vesting this power in a consistory est. at Weimar. Flacius and his adherents protested against this measure in the name of freedom of conscience and of the ch., where only Christ and His Word are to decide. Flacius, Wigand, Judex, and J. Musäus* were suspended and expelled from Jena December 10, 1561. Strigel was reinstated at Jena May 24, 1562, after signing an ambiguous declaration. J. Stössel* drew up a declaration intending to explain Strigel's declaration in an acceptable way, but only made matters worse; Strigel refused to sign it and 40 Thuringian pastors who refused to sign both Strigel's and Stössel's declarations were deposed and exiled.

Johann Wilhelm (d. 1573) succeeded John Frederick II 1567 and issued an edict January 16, 1568, supporting Luth. orthodoxy; the Philippists left Jena; Flacians (except Flacius) returned. The 1568–69 Altenburg* Colloquy reached unsuccessfully for final solution, which came 1571 in the Final Report and Declaration of the Theologians of Both Universities Leipzig and Wittenberg; it includes this: “Consideration and reception of God's Word and voluntary beginning of obedience in the heart arises out of that which God has begun graciously to work in us.” Difference of terminology in explanation persisted. FC I and II reject the extremes of Strigel and Flacius and teach that man is purely passive in his conversion but cooperates with God after conversion.